New Crowdin translations - uk (#25746)

Co-authored-by: Crowdin Bot <support+bot@crowdin.com>
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2025-10-13 09:08:14 +11:00
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11 changed files with 218 additions and 33 deletions

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- [Тест MC_04 - Тестування відмовостійкості](test_cards/mc_04_failsafe_testing.md)
- [Test MC_05 - Manual Modes (Inside)](test_cards/mc_05_indoor_flight_manual_modes.md)
- [Test MC_06 - Optical Flow (Inside)](test_cards/mc_06_optical_flow.md)
- [Test MC_07 - VIO (Inside)](test_cards/mc_07_vio.md)
- [Test MC_07 - Optical Flow Low Mount](test_cards/mc_07_optical_flow_low_mount.md)
- [Test MC_08 - DSHOT ESC](test_cards/mc_08_dshot.md)
- [Test MC_09 - VIO (Visual-Inertial Odometry)](test_cards/mc_09_vio.md)
- [Test MC_10 - Optical Flow / GPS Mixed](test_cards/mc_10_optical_flow_gps_mixed.md)
- [Модульні Тести](test_and_ci/unit_tests.md)
- [Fuzz Tests](test_and_ci/fuzz_tests.md)
- [Безперервна інтеграція](test_and_ci/continous_integration.md)

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# Запуск системи
Запуск PX4 контрольований скриптами оболонки.
На NuttX вони знаходяться у директорії [ROMFS/px4fmu_common/init.d](https://github.com/PX4/PX4-Autopilot/tree/main/ROMFS/px4fmu_common/init.d), деякі з них також використовуються на Posix системах (Linux/MacOS).
On NuttX they reside in the [ROMFS/px4fmu_common/init.d](https://github.com/PX4/PX4-Autopilot/tree/main/ROMFS/px4fmu_common/init.d) folder - some of these are also used on Posix (Linux/macOS).
Скрипти які використовуються тільки на Posix системах знаходяться у [ROMFS/px4fmu_common/init.d-posix](https://github.com/PX4/PX4-Autopilot/tree/main/ROMFS/px4fmu_common/init.d-posix).
Усі файли, які починаються з числа і підкреслення (наприклад, `10000_airaipl`) є попередньо визначеними конфігураціями планерів.
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ They are exported at build-time into an `airframes.xml` file which is parsed by
Наступні секції розділені відповідно до операційної системи, на яких виконується PX4.
## POSIX (Linux/MacOS)
## POSIX (Linux/macOS)
On POSIX, the system shell is used as script interpreter (e.g. /bin/sh, being symlinked to dash on Ubuntu).
Щоб це працювало потрібно кілька речей:

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@@ -502,6 +502,7 @@ struct message_dropout_s {
- [ulogreader](https://github.com/maxsun/ulogreader): Javascript, ULog reader and parser outputs log in JSON object format.
- [Foxglove](https://foxglove.dev): an integrated visualization and diagnosis tool for robotics data that supports ULog files.
- [TypeScript ULog parser](https://github.com/foxglove/ulog): TypeScript, ULog reader that outputs JS objects.
- [yule_log](https://crates.io/crates/yule_log): A streaming ULog parser written in Rust.
## Історія версій формату файлу

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The _supported platforms_ for PX4 development are:
- [Ubuntu Linux (22.04/20.04/18.04)](../dev_setup/dev_env_linux_ubuntu.md) — Recommended
- [Ubuntu Linux (24.04/22.04)](../dev_setup/dev_env_linux_ubuntu.md) — Recommended
- [Windows (10/11)](../dev_setup/dev_env_windows_wsl.md) — via WSL2
- [Mac OS](../dev_setup/dev_env_mac.md)
- [macOS](../dev_setup/dev_env_mac.md)
## Цільові платформи що підтримуються
Таблиця нижче показує, які цільові платформи PX4 можна побудувати на кожній ОС.
| Цільова платформа | Linux (Ubuntu) | Mac | Windows |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | :-------------------------------: | :-: | :-----: |
| **NuttX based hardware:** [Pixhawk Series](../flight_controller/pixhawk_series.md), [Crazyflie](../complete_vehicles_mc/crazyflie2.md) | ✓ | | ✓ |
| **Linux-based hardware:** [Raspberry Pi 2/3](../flight_controller/raspberry_pi_navio2.md) | ✓ | | |
| **Simulation:** [Gazebo SITL](../sim_gazebo_gz/index.md) | ✓ | | ✓ |
| **Simulation:** [Gazebo Classic SITL](../sim_gazebo_classic/index.md) | ✓ | | ✓ |
| **Simulation:** [ROS with Gazebo Classic](../simulation/ros_interface.md) | ✓ | | ✓ |
| **Simulation:** ROS 2 with Gazebo | ✓ | | ✓ |
| Цільова платформа | Linux (Ubuntu) | macOS | Windows |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | :-------------------------------: | :---: | :-----: |
| **NuttX based hardware:** [Pixhawk Series](../flight_controller/pixhawk_series.md), [Crazyflie](../complete_vehicles_mc/crazyflie2.md) | ✓ | | ✓ |
| **Linux-based hardware:** [Raspberry Pi 2/3](../flight_controller/raspberry_pi_navio2.md) | ✓ | | |
| **Simulation:** [Gazebo SITL](../sim_gazebo_gz/index.md) | ✓ | | ✓ |
| **Simulation:** [Gazebo Classic SITL](../sim_gazebo_classic/index.md) | ✓ | | ✓ |
| **Simulation:** [ROS with Gazebo Classic](../simulation/ros_interface.md) | ✓ | | ✓ |
| **Simulation:** ROS 2 with Gazebo | ✓ | | ✓ |
Experienced Docker users can also build with the containers used by our continuous integration system: [Docker Containers](../test_and_ci/docker.md)

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# Середовище розробки MacOS
# macOS Development Environment
Наступні інструкції для встановлення середовища розробки PX4 для macOS.
Це середовище може бути використане для збірки PX4 для:
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ To build other targets you will need to use a [different OS](../dev_setup/dev_en
### Налаштування середовища
:::details
Apple Silicon Macbook users!
If you have an Apple M1, M2 etc. Macbook, make sure to run the terminal as x86 by setting up an x86 terminal:
Apple Silicon MacBook users!
If you have an Apple M1, M2 etc. MacBook, make sure to run the terminal as x86 by setting up an x86 terminal:
1. Locate the Terminal application within the Utilities folder (**Finder > Go menu > Utilities**)
2. Select _Terminal.app_ and right-click on it, then choose **Duplicate**.
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ If you have an Apple M1, M2 etc. Macbook, make sure to run the terminal as x86 b
2. Enforce Python 3 by appending the following lines to `~/.zshenv`
```sh
# Point pip3 to MacOS system python 3 pip
# Point pip3 to macOS system python 3 pip
alias pip3=/usr/bin/pip3
```

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@@ -28,5 +28,7 @@ When submitting [Pull Requests](../contribute/code.md#pull-requests) for new fun
- [MC_04 - Failsafe Testing](../test_cards/mc_04_failsafe_testing.md)
- [MC_05 - Indoor Flight (Manual Modes)](../test_cards/mc_05_indoor_flight_manual_modes.md)
- [MC_06 - Indoor Flight (Optical Flow)](../test_cards/mc_06_optical_flow.md)
- [MC_07 - VIO (Visual-Inertial Odometry)](../test_cards/mc_07_vio.md)
- [MC_07 - Optical Flow Low Mount](../test_cards/mc_07_optical_flow_low_mount.md)
- [MC_08 - DSHOT ESC](../test_cards/mc_08_dshot.md)
- [MC_09 - VIO (Visual-Inertial Odometry)](../test_cards/mc_09_vio.md)
- [MC_10 - Optical Flow / GPS Mixed](../test_cards/mc_10_optical_flow_gps_mixed.md)

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## Objective
To test that optical flow works as expected
Test that optical flow works as expected
## Preflight
Disconnect all GPS / compasses and ensure vehicle is using optical flow for navigation
([Setup Information here](../sensor/optical_flow.md))
Disconnect all GPS / compasses and ensure vehicle is using optical flow for navigation ([setup information here](../sensor/optical_flow.md))
Ensure there are no other sources of positioning besides optical flow
Ensure there are no other sources of positioning besides optical flow:
- [EKF2_OF_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_OF_CTRL): `1`
- [EKF2_GPS_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_GPS_CTRL): `0`
- [EKF2_EV_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_EV_CTRL): `0`
- [SYS_HAS_MAG](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#SYS_HAS_MAG): `0`
Ensure that the drone can go into Altitude / Position flight mode while still on the ground
Ensure that the drone can go into Altitude / Position mode while still on the ground
## Flight Tests
❏ Altitude flight mode
[Altitude mode](../flight_modes_mc/altitude.md)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Vertical position should hold current value with stick centered
@@ -28,7 +26,7 @@ Ensure that the drone can go into Altitude / Position flight mode while still on
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Throttle response set to climb/descent rate
❏ Position flight mode
[Position mode](../flight_modes_mc/position.md)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Horizontal position should hold current value with stick centered
@@ -38,6 +36,16 @@ Ensure that the drone can go into Altitude / Position flight mode while still on
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Pitch/Roll/Yaw response set to pitch/roll/yaw rates
❏ Varying height terrain
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Put boxes on the ground to create varying heights in terrain
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Take off in position mode and fly over the boxes such that the downward facing rangefinder varies in value
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Do a few passes with varying amounts of time over the boxes (1-30 seconds if possible)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Drone should not raise in height when flying over boxes
## Посадка
❏ Land in either Position or Altitude mode with the throttle below 40%
@@ -47,7 +55,8 @@ Ensure that the drone can go into Altitude / Position flight mode while still on
## Очікувані результати
- Зліт повинен бути плавним, коли газ піднято
- Drone should hold altitude in Altitude Flight mode without wandering
- Drone should hold position within 1 meter in Position Flight mode without pilot moving sticks
- Drone should hold altitude in Altitude mode without wandering (over surface with many features)
- Drone should hold position within 1 meter in Position mode without pilot moving sticks
- Немає коливання в жодному з перерахованих режимів польоту
- Drone should not raise in height when flying over boxes
- Після посадки, коптер не повинен підскакувати на землі

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# Test MC_07 - Optical Flow Low Sensor
## Objective
Test that optical flow works as expected with a low mounted optical flow sensor
## Preflight
Ensure that the drone's optical flow sensor is mounted more than an inch off of the ground
Ensure that [MPC_THR_MIN](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#MPC_THR_MIN) is tuned correctly for landing
Disconnect all GPS / compasses and ensure vehicle is using optical flow for navigation
([Setup Information here](../sensor/optical_flow.md))
Ensure there are no other sources of positioning besides optical flow
- [EKF2_OF_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_OF_CTRL): `1`
- [EKF2_GPS_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_GPS_CTRL): `0`
- [EKF2_EV_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_EV_CTRL): `0`
Ensure that the drone can go into [Position mode](../flight_modes_mc/position.md) while still on the ground
## Flight Tests
❏ [Position mode](../flight_modes_mc/position.md)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Horizontal position should hold current value with stick centered
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Vertical position should hold current value with stick centered
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Throttle response set to climb/descent rate
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Pitch/Roll/Yaw response set to pitch/roll/yaw rates
## Посадка
❏ Land in Position mode with the throttle below 40%
❏ Upon touching ground, copter should disarm automatically within 2 seconds (default: see [COM_DISARM_LAND](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#COM_DISARM_LAND))
## Очікувані результати
- Зліт повинен бути плавним, коли газ піднято
- Drone should stay in Position mode, NOT fall into [altitude](../flight_modes_mc/altitude.md) mode

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## Preflight
- Ensure vehicle is using a DSHOT ESC.
- Ensure vehicle is using a DSHOT ESC
- Parameter [DSHOT_BIDIR_EN](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#DSHOT_BIDIR_EN) is enabled
- Parameter [DSHOT_TEL_CFG](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#DSHOT_TEL_CFG) is configured (if ESC supports telemetry)
- Parameter [SDLOG_PROFILE](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#SDLOG_PROFILE) has Debug (`5`) checked
## Flight Tests
❏ Stabilized Flight mode
[Stabilized mode](../flight_modes_mc/manual_stabilized.md)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Takeoff in stabilized flight mode to ensure correct motor spin
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Takeoff in stabilized mode to ensure correct motor spin
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Pitch/Roll/Yaw response 1:1
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Throttle response 1:1
❏ Position flight mode
[Position mode](../flight_modes_mc/position.md)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Horizontal position should hold current value with stick centered
@@ -41,6 +41,6 @@ Regression test for DSHOT working with PX4
- Download flight logs
- Load into Data Plot Juggler
- Ensure data is logged for esc_status/esc.0x/esc_rpm
- Ensure data is logged for `esc_status`/`esc.0x`/`esc_rpm`
![Reference frames](../../assets/test_cards/dshot_log_output.png)

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# Test MC_09 - VIO (Visual-Inertial Odometry)
## Objective
Test that external vision (VIO) works as expected
## Preflight
Disconnect all GPS / compasses and ensure vehicle is using VIO for navigation
Ensure that the drone can go into [Altitude](../flight_modes_mc/altitude.md) / [Position](../flight_modes_mc/position.md) mode while still on the ground
Ensure there are no other sources of positioning besides VIO:
- [EKF2_OF_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_OF_CTRL): `0`
- [EKF2_GPS_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_GPS_CTRL): `0`
- [EKF2_EV_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_EV_CTRL): `15`
- [SYS_HAS_MAG](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#SYS_HAS_MAG): `0`
## Flight Tests
❏ [Altitude mode](../flight_modes_mc/altitude.md)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Vertical position should hold current value with stick centered
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Pitch/Roll/Yaw response 1:1
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Throttle response set to climb/descent rate
❏ [Position mode](../flight_modes_mc/position.md)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Horizontal position should hold current value with stick centered
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Vertical position should hold current value with stick centered
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Throttle response set to climb/descent rate
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Pitch/Roll/Yaw response set to pitch/roll/yaw rates
## Посадка
❏ Land in either Position or Altitude mode with the throttle below 40%
❏ Upon touching ground, copter should disarm automatically within 2 seconds (default: see [COM_DISARM_LAND](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#COM_DISARM_LAND))
## Очікувані результати
- Зліт повинен бути плавним, коли газ піднято
- Drone should hold altitude in Altitude mode without wandering
- Drone should hold position within 1 meter in Position mode without pilot moving sticks
- Немає коливання в жодному з перерахованих режимів польоту
- Після посадки, коптер не повинен підскакувати на землі

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# Test MC_10 - Optical Flow / GPS Mixed
## Objective
Test that optical flow mixed with GPS works as expected
## Preflight
[Setup optical flow and GPS](../sensor/optical_flow.md)
Ensure there are no other sources of positioning besides optical flow
- [EKF2_OF_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_OF_CTRL): `1`
- [EKF2_GPS_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_GPS_CTRL): `7`
- [EKF2_EV_CTRL](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_EV_CTRL): `0`
- [SYS_HAS_MAG](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#SYS_HAS_MAG): `1`
- [EKF2_HGT_REF](../advanced_config/parameter_reference.md#EKF2_HGT_REF): `1` (GPS)
Ensure that the drone can go into [Altitude](../flight_modes_mc/altitude.md) / [Position](../flight_modes_mc/position.md) mode while still on the ground
## Flight Tests
❏ [Altitude mode](../flight_modes_mc/altitude.md)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Vertical position should hold current value with stick centered
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Pitch/Roll/Yaw response 1:1
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Throttle response set to climb/descent rate
❏ [Position mode](../flight_modes_mc/position.md)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Horizontal position should hold current value with stick centered
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Vertical position should hold current value with stick centered
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Throttle response set to climb/descent rate
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Pitch/Roll/Yaw response set to pitch/roll/yaw rates
❏ GPS Cutout
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Takeoff in position mode in GPS rich environment (outdoors)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Open QGC and navigate to MAVLink Console
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Type `gps off` to disable GPS
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Drone should maintain position hold via optical flow
❏ GPS Degredation
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Takeoff in position mode in GPS rich environment (outdoors)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Fly under a metal surface (or other GPS blocking structure)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Ensure drone does not lose position hold or start drifting
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Fly out of metal structure to regain GPS
❏ GPS Acquisition
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Takeoff in position mode in non-GPS environment
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Fly into a GPS rich environment (outdoors)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;❏ Ensure drone acquires GPS position
## Очікувані результати
- Зліт повинен бути плавним, коли газ піднято
- Drone should hold position within 1 meter in Position mode without pilot moving sticks
- Drone should hold position in GPS rich environment as well as non-GPS environment
- Немає коливання в жодному з перерахованих режимів польоту