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description: update to v5.15

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Cheng Jian
2021-11-03 19:45:08 +08:00
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study/kernel/00-DESCRIPTION/DEBUGGING.md
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@@ -310,6 +310,19 @@ Facebook 在 2018 年开源了一套解决重要计算集群管理问题的 Linu
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2021/08/18 | Qi Liu <liuqi115@huawei.com> | [arm64: Enable OPTPROBE for arm64](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20210818073336.59678-1-liuqi115@huawei.com) | 为 ARM64 引入了 optprobe, 使用分支指令替换探测指令.<br>作者在 Hip08 平台上的进行了测试, optprobe 可以将延迟降低到正常 kprobe 的 `1/4` | v4 ☐ | [Patchwork v4,0/2](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20210818073336.59678-1-liuqi115@huawei.com) |
| 2021/11/02 | Janet Liu <jianhua.ljh@gmail.com> | [arm64: implement KPROBES_ON_FTRACE](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/patch/1635858706-27320-1-git-send-email-jianhua.ljh@gmail.com) | 为 ARM64 引入了 optprobe. | v2 ☐ | [Patchwork v2,1/2](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/patch/1635858706-27320-1-git-send-email-jianhua.ljh@gmail.com) |
## 12.2 KPROBE_ON_FTRACE
-------
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2019/12/25 | Jisheng Zhang <Jisheng.Zhang@synaptics.com> | [arm64: implement KPROBES_ON_FTRACE](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20191225172625.69811b3e@xhacker.debian) | 为 ARM64 引入了 kprobe on ftrace, 对函数开头注册 kprobe 的时候, 直接用 ftrace 来实现. | v7 ☐ | [Patchwork v7,0/3](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20191225172625.69811b3e@xhacker.debian) |
| 2021/11/02 | Janet Liu <jianhua.ljh@gmail.com> | [arm64: implement KPROBES_ON_FTRACE](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/patch/1635858706-27320-2-git-send-email-jianhua.ljh@gmail.com) | 为 ARM64 引入了 kprobe on ftrace, 对函数开头注册 kprobe 的时候, 直接用 ftrace 来实现. | v7 ☐ | [Patchwork v2,1/2](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/patch/1635858706-27320-2-git-send-email-jianhua.ljh@gmail.com) |
# 13 编译
-------
study/kernel/00-DESCRIPTION/LOCKING.md
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@@ -53,7 +53,17 @@ blogexcerpt: 虚拟化 & KVM 子系统
# 1 SPINLOCK
-------
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/80727111
[Linux 中的 spinlock 机制 [一] - CAS 和 ticket spinlock](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/80727111)
[Linux 中的 spinlock 机制 [二] - MCS Lock](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/89058726)
[Linux 中的 spinlock 机制 [三] - qspinlock](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/100546935)
[Non-scalable locks are dangerous](https://pdos.csail.mit.edu/papers/linux:lock.pdf)
[Non-scalable locks are dangerous](https://andreybleme.com/2021-01-24/non-scalable-locks-are-dangerous-summary)
[Non-scalable locks are dangerous](https://www.jianshu.com/p/d058fb620f89)
[Scalable Locking](https://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.828/2018/lec/l-mcs.pdf)
## 1.1 CAS(compare and swap) LOCK
-------
@@ -80,6 +90,7 @@ https://lwn.net/Articles/267968
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2007/11/01 | Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> | [ticket spinlocks for x86](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/95892) | X86 架构 ticket spinlocks 的实现. | v1 ☑ 2.6.25-rc1(部分合入) | [PatchWork RFC](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/85789)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/95892), [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/95894) |
| 2021/09/19 | Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org> | [riscv: locks: introduce ticket-based spinlock implementation](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-riscv/patch/20210919165331.224664-1-guoren@kernel.org) | riscv 架构 ticket spinlocks 的实现. | v1 ☐ |[PatchWork](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-riscv/patch/20210919165331.224664-1-guoren@kernel.org) |
[Linux中的spinlock机制[一] - CAS和ticket spinlock](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/80727111)
@@ -88,6 +99,7 @@ https://lwn.net/Articles/267968
## 1.3 MCS lock
-------
[MCS locks and qspinlocks](https://lwn.net/Articles/590243)
spinlock 的值出现变化时, 所有试图获取这个 spinlock 的 CPU 都需要读取内存, 刷新自己对应的 cache line, 而最终只有一个 CPU 可以获得锁, 也只有它的刷新才是有意义的. 锁的争抢越激烈(试图获取锁的CPU数目越多), 无谓的开销也就越大.
@@ -98,14 +110,32 @@ spinlock 的值出现变化时, 所有试图获取这个 spinlock 的 CPU 都需
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2008/08/28 | Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> | [queueing spinlocks?](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/127444) | X86 架构 qspinlocks 的实现. | RFC ☐ | [PatchWork RFC](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/127444) |
| 2015/04/07 | Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> | [qspinlock: a 4-byte queue spinlock with PV support](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/558505) | PV SPINLOCK | v15 ☑ 4.2-rc1 | [PatchWork v15](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/558505) |
| 2014/01/21 | Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com> | [MCS Lock: MCS lock code cleanup and optimizations](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/435770) | MCS LOCK 优化 | v9 ☑ 4.2-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/435770) |
| 2014/02/10 | Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> | [locking/core patches](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/440565) | PV SPINLOCK | v1 ☑ 4.2-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/440565) |
| 2015/04/24 | Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> | [qspinlock: a 4-byte queue spinlock with PV support](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/127444) | X86 架构 qspinlocks 的实现. | v16 ☑ 4.2-rc1 | [PatchWork RFC](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20140310154236.038181843@infradead.org)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[LORE v16 00/14](https://lore.kernel.org/all/1429901803-29771-1-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com/) |
| 2014/01/21 | Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com> | [MCS Lock: MCS lock code cleanup and optimizations](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/435770) | MCS LOCK 重构, 增加了新的文件 `include/linux/mcs_spinlock.h` | v9 ☑ 3.15-rc1 | [LKML v6 0/6](https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/9/25/532)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v9 0/6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/435770), [关键 commit](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=e72246748ff006ab928bc774e276e6ef5542f9c5) |
| 2014/02/10 | Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> | [locking/core patches](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/440565) | PV SPINLOCK | v1 ☑ 4.2-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernelorg/lkml/20140210195820.834693028@infradead.org) |
## 1.4 qspinlock
-------
### 1.4.1 X86
-------
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2008/08/28 | Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> | [queueing spinlocks?](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/127444) | X86 架构 qspinlocks 的实现. | RFC ☐ | [PatchWork RFC](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20080828073428.GA19638@wotan.suse.de) |
| 2015/04/24 | Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> | [qspinlock: a 4-byte queue spinlock with PV support](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/127444) | X86 架构 qspinlocks 的实现. | v16 ☑ 4.2-rc1 | [PatchWork RFC](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20140310154236.038181843@infradead.org)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[LORE v16 00/14](https://lore.kernel.org/all/1429901803-29771-1-git-send-email-Waiman.Long@hp.com/) |
### 1.4.2 ARM64
-------
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2017/04/10 | Yury Norov <ynorov@caviumnetworks.com> | [arm64: queued spinlocks and rw-locks](http://patches.linaro.org/cover/98492) | X86 架构 qspinlocks 的实现. | RFC ☐ | [PatchWork RFC](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/patch/1491860104-4103-4-git-send-email-ynorov@caviumnetworks.com) |
| 2018/04/26 | Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> | [kernel/locking: qspinlock improvements](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/patch/1524738868-31318-2-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com/) | qspinlocks 优化. | v3 ☑ 4.18-rc1 | [LWN](https://lwn.net/Articles/751105))<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[LKML v3 00/14](https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/4/26/340) |
| 2018/06/16 | Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> | [arm64: locking: Replace ticket lock implementation with qspinlock](http://patches.linaro.org/cover/98492) | ARM64 架构 qspinlocks 的实现. | RFC ☑ 4.19-rc1 | [PatchWork RFC](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/patch/1530010812-17161-3-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com) |
## 1.4 PV_SPINLOCK
## 1.5 PV_SPINLOCK
-------
[PV qspinlock 原理](https://blog.csdn.net/bemind1/article/details/118224344)
@@ -160,6 +190,7 @@ PV_SPINLOCKS 的合入引起了[性能问题 Performance overhead of paravirt_op
[关于多核 CPU 自旋锁 (spinlock) 的优化](https://blog.csdn.net/cpongo1/article/details/89539933)
[NUMA-aware qspinlocks](https://lwn.net/Articles/852138)
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
@@ -188,6 +219,7 @@ PV_SPINLOCKS 的合入引起了[性能问题 Performance overhead of paravirt_op
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2020/11/21 | Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> | [locking/rwsem: Rework reader optimistic spinning](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1342950) | 当读者的评论部分很短, 周围没有那么多读者时, 读者乐观旋转(osq_lock)是有帮助的. 它还提高了读者获得锁的机会, 因为写入器乐观旋转对写入器的好处远远大于读者. 由于提交d3681e269fff ("locking/rwsem: Wake up almost all reader in wait queue"), 所有等待的reader都会被唤醒, 这样它们就都能获得读锁并并行运行. 当竞争的读者数量很大时, 允许读者乐观自旋很可能会导致读者碎片, 多个较小的读者组可以以顺序的方式(由写入器分隔)获得读锁. 这降低了读者的并行性. 解决这个缺点的一种可能方法是限制能够进行乐观旋转的读者的数量(最好是一个). 这些读者作为等待队列中所有等待的读者的代表, 因为一旦获得锁, 它们将唤醒所有等待的读者. | v2 ☐ | [PatchWork v2,0/5](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1342950) |
## 2.2 PER-CPU RWSEM
-------
@@ -197,8 +229,45 @@ PV_SPINLOCKS 的合入引起了[性能问题 Performance overhead of paravirt_op
| 2020/11/07 | Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> | [percpu_rw_semaphore: reimplement to not block the readers unnecessarily](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1342950) | NA | v2 ☑ 3.8-rc1 | [PatchWork v2,0/5](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/339247), [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/339702)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/339064) |
| 2020/11/18 | Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> | [percpu_rw_semaphore: lockdep + config](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1342950) | NA | v1 ☑ 3.8-rc1 | [PatchWork 0/3](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/341521) |
# 3 MUTEX
-------
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2013/4/17 | Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com> | [mutex: Improve mutex performance by doing less atomic-ops & better spinning](https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/4/17/418) | NA | v4 ☑ 3.10-rc1 | [LKML 0/3 v2](https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/4/15/245)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[LKML v4 0/4](https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/4/17/418) |
# 4 membarrier
-------
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2017/10/19 | Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> | [membarrier: Provide register expedited private command](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/843003) | 引入 MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED. | v6 ☑ 4.14-rc6 | [PatchWork v5](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/835747)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/398912) |
| 2017/11/21 | Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> | [membarrier: Provide core serializing command](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/843003) | 引入 MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED. | v6 ☑ 4.16-rc1 | [PatchWork v5](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/835747)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/398912) |
| 2018/01/29 | Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> | [membarrier: Provide core serializing command](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/843003) | 引入 MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED. | v6 ☑ 4.16-rc1 | [PatchWork v5](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/835747)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/398912) |
5 RC]()
-------
[What is RCU, Fundamentally?](https://lwn.net/Articles/262464)
[What is RCU? Part 2: Usage](https://lwn.net/Articles/263130)
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2019/06/01 | "Joel Fernandes (Google)" <joel@joelfernandes.org> | [Harden list_for_each_entry_rcu() and family](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1082845) | 本系列增加了一个新的内部函数rcu_read_lock_any_held(), 该函数在调用这些宏时检查reader节是否处于活动状态. 如果不存在reader section, 那么list_for_each_entry_rcu()的可选第四个参数可以是一个被计算的lockdep表达式(类似于rcu_dereference_check()的工作方式). . | RFC ☑ 5.4-rc1 | [PatchWork RFC,0/6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1082845) |
# 6 FUTEX
-------
[FUTEX2's sys_futex_waitv() Sent In For Linux 5.16 To Help Linux Gaming](https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Linux-5.16-sys_futex_waitv)
<br>
study/kernel/00-DESCRIPTION/MEMORY_MANAGER.md
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@@ -239,8 +239,12 @@ Linux 一开始是在一台i386上的机器开发的, i386 的硬件页表是2
[带有“memory folios”的 Linux：编译内核时性能提升了 7%](https://www.heikewan.com/item/27509944)
内存管理(memory management) 一般是以 page 为单位进行的, 一个 page 通常包含 4,096 个字节, 也可能更大. 内核已经将 page 的概念扩展到所谓的 compound page(复合页), 即一组组物理连续的单独 page 的组合. 这又使得 "page" 的定义变得有些模糊了. Matthew Wilcox 提出了 "page folio" 的概念, 它实际上仍然是一个 page structure, 只是保证了它一定不是 tail page. 任何接受 folio page 参数的函数都会是对整个 compound page 进行操作(如果传入的确实是一个 compound page 的话), 这样就不会有任何歧义. 从而可以使内核里的内存管理子系统更加清晰; 也就是说, 如果某个函数被改为只接受 folio page 作为参数的话, 很明确, 它们不适用于对 tail page 的操作. 通过 folio 结构来管理内存. 它提供了一些具有自身价值的基础设施, 将内核的文本缩减了约 6kB.
最终该特性与 5.16 合入, [Memory Folios Merged For Linux 5.16](https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Memory-Folios-Lands-Linux-5.16), 代码仓库 [willy/pagecache.git](http://git.infradead.org/users/willy/pagecache.git), 合入链接 [GIT,PULL Memory folios for v5.1](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-mm/patch/YX4RkYNNZtO9WL0L@casper.infradead.org), [Merge tag 'folio-5.16' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/pagecache](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=49f8275c7d9247cf1dd4440fc8162f784252c849)
内存管理(memory management) 一般是以 page 为单位进行的, 一个 page 通常包含 4,096 个字节, 也可能更大. 内核已经将 page 的概念扩展到所谓的 compound page(复合页), 即一组组物理连续的单独 page 的组合. 这又使得 "page" 的定义变得有些模糊了. Matthew Wilcox 提出了 "page folio" 的概念, 它实际上仍然是一个 page structure, 只是保证了它一定不是 tail page. 任何接受 folio page 参数的函数都会是对整个 compound page 进行操作(如果传入的确实是一个 compound page 的话), 这样就不会有任何歧义. 从而可以使内核里的内存管理子系统更加清晰; 也就是说, 如果某个函数被改为只接受 folio page 作为参数的话, 很明确, 它们不适用于对 tail page 的操作. 通过 folio 结构来管理内存. 它提供了一些具有自身价值的基础设施, 将内核的文本缩减了约 6kB.
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
@@ -249,7 +253,7 @@ Linux 一开始是在一台i386上的机器开发的, i386 的硬件页表是2
| 2021/06/22 | "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@infradead.org> | [Folio-enabling the page cache](https://lwn.net/Articles/1450196) | NA | v2 ☐ | [PatchWork v2](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1450196), [PatchWork v2](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-mm/cover/20210622121551.3398730-1-willy@infradead.org) |
| 2021/06/30 | "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@infradead.org> | [Folio conversion of memcg](https://lwn.net/Articles/1450196) | NA | v3 ☐ | [PatchWork v13b](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-mm/cover/20210712194551.91920-1-willy@infradead.org/) |
| 2021/07/19 | "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@infradead.org> | [Folio support in block + iomap layers](https://lwn.net/Articles/1450196) | NA | v15 ☐ | [PatchWork v15,00/17](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-mm/cover/20210712194551.91920-1-willy@infradead.org/) |
| 2021/07/15 | "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@infradead.org> | [Memory folios: Pagecache edition](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-mm/cover/20210715200030.899216-1-willy@infradead.org) | NA | v14c ☐ | [PatchWork v14c,00/39](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-mm/cover/20210715200030.899216-1-willy@infradead.org) |
| 2021/07/15 | "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" <willy@infradead.org> | [Memory folios: Pagecache edition](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-mm/cover/20210715200030.899216-1-willy@infradead.org) | NA | v14c ☑ 5.16-rc1 | [PatchWork v14c,00/39](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-mm/cover/20210715200030.899216-1-willy@infradead.org) |
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
study/kernel/00-DESCRIPTION/OPEN_SOURCE.md
+5 -3
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@@ -68,10 +68,12 @@
# 4 Linux Version
-------
| tag | LWN | 泰晓资讯 |
|:-----:|:-----:|:-------:|
[LWN 上各版本归档](https://lwn.net/Kernel/Index)
| tag | LWN | 泰晓资讯 | phoronix |
|:-----:|:-----:|:-------:|:--------:|
| [5.14](https://lwn.net/Articles/867540) | [2021/07/12 rc1](https://lwn.net/Articles/861695)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[2021/07/12 5.14 conclusion](https://lwn.net/Articles/861695) | [8月 / 第一期 / 2021](http://tinylab.org/tinylab-weekly-8-1st-2021)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[8月 / 第二期 / 2021](http://tinylab.org/tinylab-weekly-8-2nd-2021/)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[2021 年 9 月 第 一 期](http://tinylab.org/tinylab-weekly-9-1st-2021) |
| 5.15 | [2021/07/12 rc1](https://lwn.net/Articles/861695) | [9月 / 第二期 / 2021](http://tinylab.org/tinylab-weekly-9-2nd-2021) |
| [5.15](https://lwn.net/Articles/874283) | [2021/09/02 5.15 Merge window, part 1](https://lwn.net/Articles/867821)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[2021/09/13 The rest of the 5.15 merge window](https://lwn.net/Articles/868221) | [2021/07/12 rc1](https://lwn.net/Articles/861695) | [9月 / 第二期 / 2021](http://tinylab.org/tinylab-weekly-9-2nd-2021) | [Linux 5.15 Delivers Many Features](https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=linux-515-features&num=1) |
# 5 业界会议
study/kernel/00-DESCRIPTION/RCU.md
-88
View File
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
---
title: 虚拟化 & KVM 子系统
date: 2021-02-15 00:32
author: gatieme
tags:
- linux
- tools
categories:
- 技术积累
thumbnail:
blogexcerpt: 虚拟化 & KVM 子系统
---
<br>
本作品采用<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">知识共享署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议</a>进行许可, 转载请注明出处, 谢谢合作
<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"><img alt="知识共享许可协议" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png" /></a>
因本人技术水平和知识面有限, 内容如有纰漏或者需要修正的地方, 欢迎大家指正, 鄙人在此谢谢啦
**转载请务必注明出处, 谢谢, 不胜感激**
<br>
| 日期 | 作者 | GitHub| CSDN | BLOG |
| ------- |:-------:|:-------:|:-------:|:-------:|
| 2021-02-15 | [成坚-gatieme](https://kernel.blog.csdn.net) | [`AderXCoding/system/tools/fzf`](https://github.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/tree/master/system/tools/fzf) | [使用模糊搜索神器 FZF 来提升办公体验](https://blog.csdn.net/gatieme/article/details/113828826) | [Using FZF to Improve Productivit](https://oskernellab.com/2021/02/15/2021/0215-0001-Using_FZF_to_Improve_Productivity)|
<br>
2 **虚拟化子系统**
=====================
**-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*　重要功能和时间点　-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-***
下文将按此目录分析 Linux 内核中 MM 的重要功能和引入版本:
**-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* 正文 -*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-***
# 1 membarrier
-------
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2017/10/19 | Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> | [membarrier: Provide register expedited private command](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/843003) | 引入 MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED. | v6 ☑ 4.14-rc6 | [PatchWork v5](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/835747)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/398912) |
| 2017/11/21 | Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> | [membarrier: Provide core serializing command](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/843003) | 引入 MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED. | v6 ☑ 4.16-rc1 | [PatchWork v5](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/835747)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/398912) |
| 2018/01/29 | Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> | [membarrier: Provide core serializing command](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/843003) | 引入 MEMBARRIER_CMD_REGISTER_PRIVATE_EXPEDITED. | v6 ☑ 4.16-rc1 | [PatchWork v5](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/835747)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/398912) |
相关的文章介绍: [47].
# 2 RCU
-------
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2019/06/01 | "Joel Fernandes (Google)" <joel@joelfernandes.org> | [Harden list_for_each_entry_rcu() and family](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1082845) | 本系列增加了一个新的内部函数rcu_read_lock_any_held(), 该函数在调用这些宏时检查reader节是否处于活动状态. 如果不存在reader section, 那么list_for_each_entry_rcu()的可选第四个参数可以是一个被计算的lockdep表达式(类似于rcu_dereference_check()的工作方式). . | RFC ☑ 5.4-rc1 | [PatchWork RFC,0/6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1082845) |
<br>
* 本作品/博文 ( [AderStep-紫夜阑珊-青伶巷草 Copyright ©2013-2017](http://blog.csdn.net/gatieme) ), 由 [成坚(gatieme)](http://blog.csdn.net/gatieme) 创作.
* 采用<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"><img alt="知识共享许可协议" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png" /></a><a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">知识共享署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议</a>进行许可. 欢迎转载、使用、重新发布, 但务必保留文章署名[成坚gatieme](http://blog.csdn.net/gatieme) ( 包含链接: http://blog.csdn.net/gatieme ), 不得用于商业目的.
* 基于本文修改后的作品务必以相同的许可发布. 如有任何疑问, 请与我联系.
* **转载请务必注明出处, 谢谢, 不胜感激**
<br>
study/kernel/00-DESCRIPTION/SCHEDULER.md
+31 -17
View File
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ Mainline Merge Window
|:---:|:-------:|:-------:|
| 5.13 | 2021/06/28 | [Merge tag 'sched-core-2021-04-28', 5.13-rc1](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=16b3d0cf5bad844daaf436ad2e9061de0fe36e5c)<br>[Merge tag 'sched-urgent-2021-05-09', 5.13-rc1](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=9819f682e48c6a7055c5d7a6746411dd3969b0e5)<br>[Merge tag 'sched-urgent-2021-05-15', 5.13-rc2](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=c12a29ed9094b4b9cde8965c12850460b9a79d7c)<br>[Merge tag 'sched-urgent-2021-06-12', 5.13-rc6](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=99f925947ab0fd5c17b74460d8b32f1aa1c86e3a)<br>[Merge tag 'sched_urgent_for_v5.13_rc6', 5.13-rc7, 2021/06/20](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=cba5e97280f53ec7feb656fcdf0ec00a5c6dd539)<br>[Merge tag 'sched-urgent-2021-06-24', 5.13](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=666751701b6e4b6b6ebc82186434806fa8a09cf3)<br> |
| 5.14 | 2021/08/29 | [Merge tag 'sched-core-2021-06-28', 5.14-rc1](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=54a728dc5e4feb0a9278ad62b19f34ad21ed0ee4)<br>[Merge tag 'sched-urgent-2021-06-30', 5.14-rc1](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=a6eaf3850cb171c328a8b0db6d3c79286a1eba9d)<br>[Merge tag 'sched-urgent-2021-07-11', 5.14-rc1](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=877029d9216dcc842f50d37571f318cd17a30a2d)<br>[Merge tag 'sched-urgent-2021-08-08', 5.14-rc5](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=713f0f37e8128e8a0190a98f5a4be71fb32a671a)<br>[Merge tag 'sched_urgent_for_v5.14', 5.14](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=537b57bd5a202af145c266d4773971c2c9f90cd9) |
| 5.15 | NA | [Merge tag 'sched-core-2021-08-30'](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=5d3c0db4598c5de511824649df2aa976259cf10a)
| 5.15 | 2021/11/1 | NA | [Merge tag 'sched-core-2021-08-30'](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=5d3c0db4598c5de511824649df2aa976259cf10a)<br>[Merge remote-tracking branch 'tip/sched/arm64'](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=65266a7c6abf)<br>[Merge tag 'sched_urgent_for_v5.15_rc1'](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=56c244382fdb)<br>[Merge tag 'sched_urgent_for_v5.15_rc4'](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=777feabaea77)<br>[Merge tag 'sched_urgent_for_v5.15_rc7'](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=6c62666d8879)
| 5.26 | NA | [Merge tag 'sched-core-2021-11-01'](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=9a7e0a90a454a7826ecbca055a6ec9271b70c686) |
## 0.3 社区会议
-------
@@ -258,7 +259,7 @@ SCHED_IDLE 跟 SCHED_BATCH 一样, 是 CFS 中的一个策略, SCHED\_IDLE 的
| 2019/10/24 | [sched/fair: Make sched-idle cpu selection consistent throughout 1143783 diffmboxseries](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1143783) | 重构了 SCHED_IDLE 时的选核逻辑, 所有的选核流程都将 avaliable_idle_cpu 和 sched_idle_cpu 同等对待 | v1 ☑ 5.4-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1143783) |
| 2020/12/23 | [sched/fair: Load balance aggressively for SCHED_IDLE CPUs](https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/1/8/112) | LOAD_BALANCE 感知 SCHED_IDLE 优化, SCHED_IDLE 的 CPU 虽然运行着进程但是在调度器看来其实也是空闲的, 应该积极地进行负载均衡 | v1 ☑ 5.6-rc1 | [LKML](https://lkml.org/lkml/2020/1/8/112) |
| 2021/02/22 | [sched: pull tasks when CPU is about to run SCHED_IDLE tasks](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1382990) | 在 CPU 从 SCHED_NORMAL 进程切换到 SCHED_IDLE 任务之前, 尝试通过 load_balance 从其他核上 PULL SCHED_NORMAL 进程过来执行. | v2 | [2020/12/27 v1](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1356241), [2021/02/22 v2](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1143783) |
| 2021/06/08 | [cgroup SCHED_IDLE support](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1443542) | 将 SCHED_IDLE 策略扩展到进程组. | v1 ☑ 5.15 | [2021/06/08 v1](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1443542) |
| 2021/06/08 | Josh Don <joshdon@google.com> |[cgroup SCHED_IDLE support/SCHED_IDLE extensions](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1443542) | 将 SCHED_IDLE 策略扩展到进程组. | v1 ☑ 5.16 | [2021/06/08 v1](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1443542) [LORE v3,0/4](https://lore.kernel.org/all/20210820010403.946838-1-joshdon@google.com) |
### 1.1.6 吭哧吭哧跑计算 SCHED\_BATCH
@@ -415,7 +416,7 @@ linux 调度器定义了多个调度类, 不同调度类的调度优先级不同
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2010/06/08 | Michael Neuling | [sched: asymmetrical packing for POWER7 SMT4](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/202834) | 这个补丁集实现了非对称 SMT 封装(SD_ASYM_PCAKING), 在任务负载小的时候, 将进程都打包在 SMT 域内的某一个 CPU 上, 从而确保在 POWER7 上始终保持良好的性能. 如果没有这个系列, 在 POWER7 上, 任务的性能将有大约 +/-30% 的抖动. | v2 ☐ |[PatchWork RFC](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1408312)) |
| 2016/11/01 | Ricardo Neri | [Support Intel® Turbo Boost Max Technology 3.0](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/722406) | 支持 Intel 超频 | RFC ☑ 5.9-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/722406) |
| 2021/08/10 | Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri-calderon@linux.intel.com> | [sched/fair: Fix load balancing of SMT siblings with ASYM_PACKING](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1428441) | 修复 ASYM_PACKING 和 load_balance 的冲突. | v5 ☐ | [PatchWork v1](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1408312)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v2](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1413015)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v3 0/6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1428441)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v4,0/6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1474500)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[LKML v5,0/6](https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/9/10/913) |
| 2021/09/10 | Ricardo Neri <ricardo.neri-calderon@linux.intel.com> | [sched/fair: Fix load balancing of SMT siblings with ASYM_PACKING](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1428441) | 修复 ASYM_PACKING 和 load_balance 的冲突. | v5 ☑ 5.16-rc1 | [PatchWork v1](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1408312)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v2](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1413015)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v3 0/6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1428441)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v4,0/6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1474500)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[LKML v5,0/6](https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/9/10/913), [LORE v5,0/6](https://lore.kernel.org/all/20210911011819.12184-1-ricardo.neri-calderon@linux.intel.com) |
| 2011/12/15 | Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> | [sched: Avoid SMT siblings in select_idle_sibling() if possible](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/274702) | 如果有共享缓存的空闲核心, 避免 select_idle_sibling() 选择兄弟线程. | v1 ☐ | [PatchWork v1](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/274702) |
@@ -516,7 +517,7 @@ https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/157476581065.5793.4518979877345136813.stgit@buzz/
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2021/06/21 | JHuaixin Chang | [sched/fair: Burstable CFS bandwidth controller](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1396878) | 突发任务的带宽控制优化, 通过临时之前剩余累计的配额, 使得突发进程在当前周期的配额突然用尽之后, 还可以临时使用之前累计的配额使用, 从而降低突发任务的时延. | v6 ☑ 5.14-rc1 | [ 2020/12/17 v1](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1354613)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br>[2021/01/20 v2](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1368037)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br>[2021/01/21 v3](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1368746)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br>[2021-02-02 v4](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1396878)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br>[2021/05/20 v5](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1433660)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br>[2021/06/21 v6](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1449268)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br>[commit](https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=f4183717b370ad28dd0c0d74760142b20e6e7931) |
| 2021/07/30 | Huaixin Chang <changhuaixin@linux.alibaba.com> | [Add statistics and ducument for cfs bandwidth burst](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1396878) | 为 Burstable CFS bandwidth 添加统计信息和文档. | v1 ☐ | [ 2020/12/17 v1](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1396878) |
| 2021/08/30 | Huaixin Chang <changhuaixin@linux.alibaba.com> | [Add statistics and ducument for cfs bandwidth burst](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1396878) | 为 Burstable CFS bandwidth 添加统计信息和文档. | v1 ☐ | [ 2020/12/17 v1](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1396878)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br>[2021/08/30 LORE v2 0/2](https://lore.kernel.org/all/20210830032215.16302-1-changhuaixin@linux.alibaba.com) |
## 2.2 实时进程的组调度支持(RT Group Scheduling)
@@ -597,6 +598,8 @@ https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/157476581065.5793.4518979877345136813.stgit@buzz/
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----------:|:---:|
| 2018/05/30 | Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> | [Skip numa distance for offline nodes](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1433871) | NA | v1 ☐ | [select_idle_sibling rework](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1433871) |
| 2019/5/13 | Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com> | [v6 multi-die/package topology support](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1433871) | 支持 DIE 拓扑层级. | v6 ☑ 5.3-rc1 | [LKML 0/19](https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/5/13/768) |
| 2020/03/11 | Valentin Schneider <valentin.schneider@arm.com> | [sched: Instrument sched domain flags](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1224722) | 基于上一组补丁, 重构了 SD_FLAGS 的定义 | v4 ☑ 5.10-rc1 | [PatchWork v5 00/17](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1224722) |
### 4.1.2 3-hops 问题
@@ -757,7 +760,6 @@ NUMA 机器一个重要特性就是不同 node 之间的内存访问速度有差
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:---:|:----------:|:----:|
| 2020/03/11 | Valentin Schneider <valentin.schneider@arm.com> | [sched: Streamline select_task_rq() & select_task_rq_fair()](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1208449) | 选核流程上的重构和优化, 当然除此之外还做了其他操作, 比如清理了 sd->flags 信息, 甚至 sysfs 接口都变成只读了 | | |
| 2020/03/11 | Valentin Schneider <valentin.schneider@arm.com> | [sched: Instrument sched domain flags](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1224722) | 基于上一组补丁, 重构了 SD_FLAGS 的定义 | v4 ☑ 5.10-rc1 | [PatchWork v5 00/17](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1224722) |
## 4.5 load_balance 的其他优化
-------
@@ -772,7 +774,7 @@ Mel Gorman 深耕与解决 load_balance 以及 wake_affine 流程中一些不合
| 2017/12/18 | Mel Gorman | [Reduce scheduler migrations due to wake_affine](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/864391) | 减少 wake_affine 机制和 load_balance 的冲突 | | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/864391) |
| 2018/01/30 | Mel Gorman | [Reduce migrations and unnecessary spreading of load to multiple CPUs](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/878789) | 减少不合理的迁移 | v1 ☑ 4.16-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/878789) |
| 2018/02/12 | Mel Gorman | [Reduce migrations due to load imbalance and process exits](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/886577) | 优化退出场景时的不合理迁移行为 | v1 ☑ 4.17-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/886577) |
| 2018/02/12 | Mel Gorman | [Stop wake_affine fighting with automatic NUMA balancing](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/886622) | 处理 NUMA balancing 和 wake_affine 的冲突 | v1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/886622) |
| 2018/02/12 | Mel Gorman | [Stop wake_affine fighting with automatic NUMA balancing](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/886622) | 处理 NUMA balancing 和 wake_affine 的冲突 | v1 ☑ 4.17-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20180212171131.26139-1-mgorman@techsingularity.net), [LKML](https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/2/12/625) |
| 2018/02/13 | Mel Gorman | [Reduce migrations and conflicts with automatic NUMA balancing v2](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/886940) | 处理 NUMA balancing 与负载均衡的冲突 | v1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/886940) |
### 4.5.2 imbalance
@@ -815,18 +817,23 @@ Vincent Guittot 深耕与解决 load_balance 各种疑难杂症和不均衡状
-------
* idle_balance
* Limiting idle_balance
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:---:|:----------:|:----:|
| 2013/08/29 | Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com> | [sched: Limiting idle balance](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/403138) | 限制 idle balance | v1 ☑ 4.13-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/403138) |
* idle balance 中执行 update_blocked_average 是很费时费力的, 可以做不少优化.
* Improve cost accounting of newidle_balance
idle balance 中执行 update_blocked_average 是很费时费力的, 可以做不少优化.
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:---:|:----------:|:----:|
| 2021/2/24 | Vincent Guittot | [move update blocked load outside newidle_balance](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1383963) | Joel报告了 newidle_balance 中的抢占和irq关闭序列很长, 因为大量的 CPU cgroup 正在使用, 并且需要更新. 这个补丁集将更新 update_blocked_average 移动到 newidle_imblance 之外. | v2 ☑ 5.13-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1383963), [LKML 0/7 v4](https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/2/24/627) |
| 2021/10/19 | Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org> | [sched/fair: Improve cost accounting of newidle_balance](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/403138) | 通过考虑更新阻塞负载 update_blocked_averages() 所花费的时间, 在没有机会运行至少一个负载平衡循环的情况下完全跳过负载平衡循环. 因此在 newidle_balance()中, 当 this_rq 的第一个 sd 满足 `this_rq->avg_idle < sd->max_newidle_lb_cost` 时, 认为执行 update_blocked_averages() 是非常昂贵且没有收益的, 只会增加开销. 因此在 newidle_balance() 中尽早检查条件, 尽可能跳过 update_blocked_averages() 的执行. | v3 ☐ | [2021/10/4 LKML v1](https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/10/4/1188)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[2021/10/04 PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20211004171451.24090-1-vincent.guittot@linaro.org), [LKML](https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/10/4/1188)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[LKML v3, 0/5](https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/10/19/590) |
| 2021/10/19 | Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org> | [Improve newidle lb cost tracking and early abort](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/403138) | 通过考虑更新阻塞负载 update_blocked_averages() 所花费的时间, 在没有机会运行至少一个负载平衡循环的情况下完全跳过负载平衡循环. 因此在 newidle_balance()中, 当 this_rq 的第一个 sd 满足 `this_rq->avg_idle < sd->max_newidle_lb_cost` 时, 认为执行 update_blocked_averages() 是非常昂贵且没有收益的, 只会增加开销. 因此在 newidle_balance() 中尽早检查条件, 尽可能跳过 update_blocked_averages() 的执行. | v3 ☐ | [2021/10/4 LKML v1](https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/10/4/1188)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[2021/10/04 PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20211004171451.24090-1-vincent.guittot@linaro.org), [LKML](https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/10/4/1188)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[LKML v3,0/5](https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/10/19/590) |
* steal tasks
@@ -835,7 +842,7 @@ Vincent Guittot 深耕与解决 load_balance 各种疑难杂症和不均衡状
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:---:|:----------:|:----:|
| 2013/08/29 | Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com> | [steal tasks to improve CPU utilization](http://lwn.net/Articles/769225) | 限制 idle balance | v1 ☑ 4.13-rc1 | [PatchWork v1](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1540220381-424433-1-git-send-email-steven.sistare@oracle.com)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v4 00/10](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/403138) |
| 2013/08/29 | Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com> | [steal tasks to improve CPU utilization](http://lwn.net/Articles/769225) | 限制 idle balance | v1 ☑ 4.13-rc1 | [PatchWork v1](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1540220381-424433-1-git-send-email-steven.sistare@oracle.com)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v4 00/10](https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/12/6/1253) |
## 4.7 active load_balance
-------
@@ -1002,7 +1009,7 @@ ARM64 机器(如 kunpeng920)和 x86 机器(如 Jacobsville)具有一定的硬件
[CPU Cluster Scheduler Continues To Be Worked On For Linux With Promising Results](https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Linux-Cluster-Scheduler-v6)
[Cluster-Aware Scheduling Lands In Linux 5.16](https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Linux-5.16-Sched-Core)
| 计划 | 任务 | 描述 |
|:---:|:----:|:---:|
@@ -1013,7 +1020,7 @@ ARM64 机器(如 kunpeng920)和 x86 机器(如 Jacobsville)具有一定的硬件
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----------:|:---:|
| 2021/09/20 | Barry Song <song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com> | [scheduler: expose the topology of clusters and add cluster scheduler](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1415806) | 增加了 cluster 层次的 CPU select. 多个架构都是有 CLUSTER 域的概念的, 比如 Kunpeng 920 一个 NODE(DIE) 24个 CPU 分为 8 个 CLUSTER, 整个 DIE 共享 L3 tag, 但是一个 CLUSTER 使用一个 L3 TAG. 这种情况下对于有数据共享的进程, 在一个 cluster 上运行, 通讯的时延更低. | RFC v6 ☐ | [2020/12/01 PatchWork RFC,v2,0/2](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20201201025944.18260-1-song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[2021/03/01 PatchWork RFC,v4,0/4](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20210301225940.16728-1-song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[2021/03/19 PatchWork RFC,v5,0/4](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20210319041618.14316-1-song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[2021/09/20 PatchWork v6,0/4](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20210420001844.9116-1-song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com) |
| 2021/06/15 | Peter Zijlstra | [Represent cluster topology and enable load balance between clusters](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20210820013008.12881-1-21cnbao@gmail.com) | 第一个系列(series): 让拓扑域感知 cluster 的存在, 在 sysfs 接口中提供 cluster 的信息(包括 id 和 cpumask 等), 并添加 CONFIG_SCHED_CLUSTER, 可以在 cluster 之间实现负载平衡, 从而使大量工作负载受益. 测试表明, 在 Jacobsville 上增加 25.1% 的 SPECrate mcf, 在 kunpeng920 上增加 13.574% 的 mcf. | RFC ☑ 5.16-rc1 | [2021/09/20 PatchWork 0/3](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20210820013008.12881-1-21cnbao@gmail.com), [2021/09/20 PatchWork RESEND,0/3](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20210924085104.44806-1-21cnbao@gmail.com), [LKML](https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/9/24/178), [LWN](https://lwn.net/Articles/866914) |
| 2021/06/15 | Peter Zijlstra | [Represent cluster topology and enable load balance between clusters](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20210820013008.12881-1-21cnbao@gmail.com) | 第一个系列(series): 让拓扑域感知 cluster 的存在, 在 sysfs 接口中提供 cluster 的信息(包括 id 和 cpumask 等), 并添加 CONFIG_SCHED_CLUSTER, 可以在 cluster 之间实现负载平衡, 从而使大量工作负载受益. 测试表明, 在 Jacobsville 上增加 25.1% 的 SPECrate mcf, 在 kunpeng920 上增加 13.574% 的 mcf. | RFC ☑ [5.16-rc1](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/163572864855.3357115.17938524897008353101.tglx@xen13/) | [2021/09/20 PatchWork 0/3](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20210820013008.12881-1-21cnbao@gmail.com), [2021/09/20 PatchWork RESEND,0/3](https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/linux-arm-kernel/cover/20210924085104.44806-1-21cnbao@gmail.com), [LKML](https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/9/24/178), [LWN](https://lwn.net/Articles/866914) |
@@ -1061,10 +1068,16 @@ ARM64 机器(如 kunpeng920)和 x86 机器(如 Jacobsville)具有一定的硬件
小任务封包(Small Task Packing) 是内核调度特性中少数几个隔几年就会被人换个马甲发出来的特性之一.
早在 2012 年, Linaro 的 Vincent Guittot 发出了一版 [Small-task packing](https://lwn.net/Articles/520857) 的补丁, 通过将负载较轻的任务打包在尽量少的 CPU 上, 从而在保证系统性能的前提下, 尽可能的降低功耗.
该补丁最终发到 v5 版本 [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/414759), [lkml](https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/10/18/121), [git-sched-packing-small-tasks-v5](http://git.linaro.org/people/vincent.guittot/kernel.git/log/?h=sched-packing-small-tasks-v5) 后, 没有了下文.
该补丁最终发到 v5 版本 [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/414759), [lkml](https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/10/18/121), [git-sched-packing-small-tasks-v5](http://git.linaro.org/people/vincent.guittot/kernel.git/log/?h=sched-packing-small-tasks-v5) 后, 没有了下文.
但是请大家记住这个特性, 这个特性将在后面的特性中不断被提及并实现. 它作为一个先驱者, 为终端功耗场景在调度领域做了最初的一次尝试. 自此开始调度领域一场旷日持久的性能 vs 功耗的战役被打响.
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:---:|:----------:|:----:|
| 2013/10/18 | Vincent Guittot | [sched: packing tasks](https://lwn.net/Articles/520857) | 尝试在繁忙的内核上打包小负载的后台任务, 这样可以通过保持其他核空闲来节省电源. | v1 ☐ | [LKML v5 00/14](https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/10/18/121), [LORE v5 00/14](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1382097147-30088-1-git-send-email-vincent.guittot@linaro.org/)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[LKML new PART1 v4 0/5 ](https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/4/11/137) |
### 7.1.2 TurboSched
-------
@@ -1255,10 +1268,11 @@ NOHZ 社区测试用例 [frederic/dynticks-testing.git](https://git.kernel.org/p
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:---:|:----------:|:----:|
| 2017/11/27 | Frederic Weisbecker | [housekeeping: Move housekeeping related code to its own file](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/845141) | housekeepin 的代码目前与 nohz 绑定在了一起. 先把他们拆分出来, 后期计划将两个功能拆开 | v1☑ 4.15-rc4 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/845141) |
| 2017/12/14 | Frederic Weisbecker | [sched/isolation: Make NO_HZ_FULL select CPU_ISOLATION](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/863225) | 增加 cpu_capacity 的跟踪点 | v1☑ 4.15-rc4 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/863225) |
| 2018/02/21 | Frederic Weisbecker | [isolation: 1Hz residual tick offloading v7](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/888860) | 当CPU在full dynticks模式下运行时, 一个1Hz的滴答保持, 以保持调度器的统计状态活着. 然而, 对于那些根本无法忍受任何中断或想要最小化中断的裸金属任务来说, 这种残留的滴答是一种负担. 这组补丁将这个 1HZ 的 TICK 也从 CPU 上卸载掉. | v7 ☐ | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/888860) |
| 2017/11/27 | Frederic Weisbecker | [housekeeping: Move housekeeping related code to its own file](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/845141) | housekeepin 的代码目前与 nohz 绑定在了一起. 先把他们拆分出来, 后期计划将两个功能拆开 | v1 ☑ 4.15-rc4 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/845141) |
| 2017/12/14 | Frederic Weisbecker | [sched/isolation: Make NO_HZ_FULL select CPU_ISOLATION](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/863225) | 增加 cpu_capacity 的跟踪点 | v1 ☑ 4.15-rc4 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/863225) |
| 2018/02/21 | FFrederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> | [isolation: 1Hz residual tick offloading v7](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1519186649-3242-1-git-send-email-frederic@kernel.org) | 当CPU在full dynticks模式下运行时, 一个1Hz的滴答保持, 以保持调度器的统计状态活着. 然而, 对于那些根本无法忍受任何中断或想要最小化中断的裸金属任务来说, 这种残留的滴答是一种负担. 这组补丁将这个 1HZ 的 TICK 也从 CPU 上卸载掉. | v7 ☑ 4.17-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1519186649-3242-1-git-send-email-frederic@kernel.org) |
| 2020/12/27 | Frederic Weisbecker | [context_tracking: Flatter archs not using exception_enter/exit() v2](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/1327311) | 为了能够在运行时打开/关闭 nohz_full 所做的准备, 需要 arch 放弃在任务堆栈上保存上下文跟踪状态, 因为这将迫使上下文跟踪在整个系统范围内运行, 即使是在没有启用 nohz_full 的 CPU 上 | v2 ☑ 5.11-rc1 | [PatchWork](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1327311) |
| 2010/12/20 | Frederic Weisbecker | [Nohz task support](https://lwn.net/Articles/420490) | 标记进程进入 NO_HZ 模式. | v2 ☐ | [LWN](https://lwn.net/Articles/420490) |
* 隔离 IRQD_AFFINITY_MANAGED 的中断
@@ -1599,7 +1613,7 @@ Roman Gushchin 在邮件列表发起了 BPF 对调度器的潜在应用的讨论
| 时间 | 作者 | 特性 | 描述 | 是否合入主线 | 链接 |
|:----:|:----:|:---:|:----:|:---------:|:----:|
| 2020/02/07 | 王贇 | [sched/numa: introduce numa locality](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1190383) | per-cgroup 的 NUMASTAT 功能 | [PatchWork v8](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1190383) |
| 2021/03/27 | Yafang Shao | [sched: support schedstats for RT sched class](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1403138) | 我们希望使用 schedstats 工具测量生产环境中 RT 任务的延迟, 但目前只支持公平调度类的 schedstats. 将 sched_statistics 修改为独立于 task_struct 或 task_group 的调度统计数据, 从而完成了 RT 的 schedstats 支持 | [PatchWork v2](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1403138)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v3](http://patches.linaro.org/cover/502064) |
| 2021/09/05 | Yafang Shao | [sched: support schedstats for RT sched class](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1403138) | 我们希望使用 schedstats 工具测量生产环境中 RT 任务的延迟, 但目前只支持公平调度类的 schedstats. 将 sched_statistics 修改为独立于 task_struct 或 task_group 的调度统计数据, 从而完成了 RT 的 schedstats 支持 | v6 ☑ 5.16-rc1 | [PatchWork v2](https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/cover/1403138)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[PatchWork v3](http://patches.linaro.org/cover/502064)<br>*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* <br>[LORE v4,0/8](https://lore.kernel.org/all/20210905143547.4668-1-laoar.shao@gmail.com) |
## 10.2 tracepoint
study/kernel/00-DESCRIPTION/TEMPLATE.md
+41 -188
View File
@@ -1,4 +1,38 @@
2 **子系统**
---
title: 虚拟化 & KVM 子系统
date: 2021-02-15 00:32
author: gatieme
tags:
- linux
- tools
categories:
- 技术积累
thumbnail:
blogexcerpt: 虚拟化 & KVM 子系统
---
<br>
本作品采用<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">知识共享署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议</a>进行许可, 转载请注明出处, 谢谢合作
<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"><img alt="知识共享许可协议" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png" /></a>
因本人技术水平和知识面有限, 内容如有纰漏或者需要修正的地方, 欢迎大家指正, 鄙人在此谢谢啦
**转载请务必注明出处, 谢谢, 不胜感激**
<br>
| 日期 | 作者 | GitHub| CSDN | BLOG |
| ------- |:-------:|:-------:|:-------:|:-------:|
| 2021-02-15 | [成坚-gatieme](https://kernel.blog.csdn.net) | [`AderXCoding/system/tools/fzf`](https://github.com/gatieme/AderXCoding/tree/master/system/tools/fzf) | [使用模糊搜索神器 FZF 来提升办公体验](https://blog.csdn.net/gatieme/article/details/113828826) | [Using FZF to Improve Productivit](https://oskernellab.com/2021/02/15/2021/0215-0001-Using_FZF_to_Improve_Productivity)|
<br>
2 **虚拟化子系统**
=====================
@@ -19,194 +53,13 @@
相关的文章介绍: [47].
<br>
* 本作品/博文 ( [AderStep-紫夜阑珊-青伶巷草 Copyright ©2013-2017](http://blog.csdn.net/gatieme) ), 由 [成坚(gatieme)](http://blog.csdn.net/gatieme) 创作.
* 采用<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"><img alt="知识共享许可协议" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png" /></a><a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">知识共享署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议</a>进行许可. 欢迎转载、使用、重新发布, 但务必保留文章署名[成坚gatieme](http://blog.csdn.net/gatieme) ( 包含链接: http://blog.csdn.net/gatieme ), 不得用于商业目的.
* 基于本文修改后的作品务必以相同的许可发布. 如有任何疑问, 请与我联系.
---
**引用:**
<div id="ref-anchor-1"></div>
- [1] [Single UNIX Specification](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_UNIX_Specification%23Non-registered_Unix-like_systems)
<div id="ref-anchor-2"></div>
- [2] [POSIX 关于调度规范的文档](http://nicolas.navet.eu/publi/SlidesPosixKoblenz.pdf)
<div id="ref-anchor-3"></div>
- [3] [Towards Linux 2.6](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=http%3A//www.informatica.co.cr/linux-scalability/research/2003/0923.html)
<div id="ref-anchor-4"></div>
- [4] [Linux内核发布模式与开发组织模式(1)](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=http%3A//larmbr.com/2013/11/02/Linux-kernel-release-process-and-development-dictator-%26-lieutenant-system_1/)
<div id="ref-anchor-5"></div>
- [5] IBM developworks 上有一篇综述文章, 值得一读 :[Linux 调度器发展简述](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=http%3A//www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-cn-scheduler/)
<div id="ref-anchor-6"></div>
- [6] [CFS group scheduling [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/240474/)
<div id="ref-anchor-7"></div>
- [7] [http://lse.sourceforge.net/numa/](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=http%3A//lse.sourceforge.net/numa/)
<div id="ref-anchor-8"></div>
- [8] [CFS bandwidth control [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/428230/)
<div id="ref-anchor-9"></div>
- [9] [kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/%3Fid%3D5091faa449ee0b7d73bc296a93bca9540fc51d0a)
<div id="ref-anchor-10"></div>
- [10] [DMA模式\_百度百科](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=http%3A//baike.baidu.com/view/196502.htm)
<div id="ref-anchor-11"></div>
- [11] [进程的虚拟地址和内核中的虚拟地址有什么关系? - 詹健宇的回答](http://www.zhihu.com/question/34787574/answer/60214771)
<div id="ref-anchor-12"></div>
- [12] [Physical Page Allocation](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.kernel.org/doc/gorman/html/understand/understand009.html)
<div id="ref-anchor-13"></div>
- [13] [The SLUB allocator [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/229984/)
<div id="ref-anchor-14"></div>
- [14] [Lumpy Reclaim V3 [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/211199/)
<div id="ref-anchor-15"></div>
- [15] [Group pages of related mobility together to reduce external fragmentation v28 [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/224254/)
<div id="ref-anchor-16"></div>
- [16] [Memory compaction [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/368869/)
<div id="ref-anchor-17"></div>
- [17] [kernel 3.10内核源码分析--TLB相关--TLB概念、flush、TLB lazy模式-humjb\_1983-ChinaUnix博客](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=http%3A//blog.chinaunix.net/uid-14528823-id-4808877.html)
<div id="ref-anchor-18"></div>
- [18] [Toward improved page replacement[LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/226756/)
<div id="ref-anchor-19"></div>
- [19] [kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/%3Fid%3D4f98a2fee8acdb4ac84545df98cccecfd130f8db)
<div id="ref-anchor-20"></div>
- [20] [The state of the pageout scalability patches [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/286472/)
<div id="ref-anchor-21"></div>
- [21] [kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/%3Fid%3D894bc310419ac95f4fa4142dc364401a7e607f65)
<div id="ref-anchor-22"></div>
- [22] [Being nicer to executable pages [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/333742/)
<div id="ref-anchor-23"></div>
- [23] [kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/%3Fid%3D8cab4754d24a0f2e05920170c845bd84472814c6)
<div id="ref-anchor-24"></div>
- [24] [Better active/inactive list balancing [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/495543/)
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- [25] [Smarter write throttling [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/245600/)
<div id="ref-anchor-26"></div>
- [26] [https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0%E8%A1%B0%E5%87%8F](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258C%2587%25E6%2595%25B0%25E8%25A1%25B0%25E5%2587%258F)
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- [27] [Flushing out pdflush [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/326552/)
<div id="ref-anchor-28"></div>
- [28] [Dynamic writeback throttling [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/405076/)
<div id="ref-anchor-29"></div>
- [29] [On-demand readahead [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/235164/)
<div id="ref-anchor-30"></div>
- [30] [Transparent huge pages in 2.6.38 [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/423584/)
<div id="ref-anchor-31"></div>
- [31] [https://events.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/lcjp13\_ishimatsu.pdf](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//events.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/lcjp13_ishimatsu.pdf)
<div id="ref-anchor-32"></div>
- [32] [transcendent memory for Linux [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/338098/)
<div id="ref-anchor-33"></div>
- [33] [linux kernel monkey log](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=http%3A//www.kroah.com/log/linux/linux-staging-update.html)
<div id="ref-anchor-34"></div>
- [34] [zcache: a compressed page cache [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/397574/)
<div id="ref-anchor-35"></div>
- [35] [The zswap compressed swap cache [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/537422/)
<div id="ref-anchor-36"></div>
- [36] [Linux-Kernel Archive: Linux 2.6.0](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=http%3A//lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0312.2/0348.html)
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- [37]抢占支持的引入时间: [https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.5/ChangeLog-2.5.4](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.5/ChangeLog-2.5.4)
<div id="ref-anchor-38"></div>
- [38] [RAM is 100 Thousand Times Faster than Disk for Database Access](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=http%3A//www.directionsmag.com/entry/ram-is-100-thousand-times-faster-than-disk-for-database-access/123964)
<div id="ref-anchor-39"></div>
- [39] [http://www.uefi.org/sites/default/files/resources/ACPI\_6.0.pdf](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=http%3A//www.uefi.org/sites/default/files/resources/ACPI_6.0.pdf)
<div id="ref-anchor-40"></div>
- [40] [Injecting faults into the kernel [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/209257/)
<div id="ref-anchor-41"></div>
- [41] [Detecting kernel memory leaks [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/187979/)
<div id="ref-anchor-42"></div>
- [42] [The kernel address sanitizer [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/612153/)
<div id="ref-anchor-43"></div>
- [43] [Linux Kernel Shared Memory 剖析](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=http%3A//www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-kernel-shared-memory/)
<div id="ref-anchor-44"></div>
- [44] [KSM tries again [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/330589/)
<div id="ref-anchor-45"></div>
- [45] [HWPOISON [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/348886/)
<div id="ref-anchor-46"></div>
- [46] [https://www.mcs.anl.gov/research/projects/mpi/](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.mcs.anl.gov/research/projects/mpi/)
<div id="ref-anchor-47"></div>
- [47] [Fast interprocess messaging [LWN.net]](https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//lwn.net/Articles/405346/)
---8<---
**更新日志:**
**- 2015.9.12**
o 完成调度器子系统的初次更新, 从早上10点开始写, 写了近７小时, 比较累, 后面更新得慢的话大家不要怪我(对手指
**- 2015.9.19**
o 完成内存管理子系统的前4章更新. 同样是写了一天, 内容太多, 没能写完......
**- 2015.9.21**
o 完成内存管理子系统的第5章"页面写回"的第1小节的更新.
**- 2015.9.25**
o 更改一些排版和个别文字描述. 接下来周末两天继续.
**- 2015.9.26**
o 完成内存管理子系统的第5, 6, 7, 8章的更新.
**- 2015.10.14**
o 国庆离网10来天, 未更新. 今天完成了内存管理子系统的第9章的更新.
**- 2015.10.16**
o 完成内存管理子系统的第10章的更新.
**- 2015.11.22**
o 这个月在出差和休假, 一直未更新.抱歉! 根据知友 [@costa](https://www.zhihu.com/people/78ceb98e7947731dc06063f682cf9640) 提供的无水印图片和考证资料, 进行了一些小更新和修正. 特此感谢 !
o 完成内存管理子系统的第11章关于 NVDIMM 内容的更新.
**- 2016.1.2**
o 中断许久, 今天完成了内存管理子系统的第11章关于调试支持内容的更新.
**- 2016.2.23**
o 又中断许久, 因为懒癌发作Orz... 完成了第二个子系统的所有章节.
[编辑于 06-27](https://www.zhihu.com/question/35484429/answer/62964898)
* **转载请务必注明出处, 谢谢, 不胜感激**
<br>