[src] add rt_hw_cpu_id() wrapper API (#8894)

* [src] add rt_hw_cpu_id() wrapper API

rt_hw_cpu_id() is an unsafe API which should not be used by most codes
directly. It's error-prone because it must be used in proper context,
otherwise it can lead to errors and unpredictable behavior.

This patch adds a wrapper API for rt_hw_cpu_id() to address this risk.
It includes the context-checking functionality and provides a safer
alternative for obtaining CPU IDs, ensuring that it is used correctly
within the appropriate context.

Signed-off-by: Shell <smokewood@qq.com>

* fixup UMP

* update API & comment

* ci: cpp_check

---------

Signed-off-by: Shell <smokewood@qq.com>

src/clock.c

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ void rt_tick_increase(void)
 
     /* check timer */
 #ifdef RT_USING_SMP
-    if (rt_hw_cpu_id() != 0)
+    if (rt_cpu_get_id() != 0)
     {
         return;
     }