diff --git a/include/nuttx/sched.h b/include/nuttx/sched.h
index 687d19dcf9b..f618ac94cea 100644
--- a/include/nuttx/sched.h
+++ b/include/nuttx/sched.h
@@ -697,6 +697,10 @@ struct pthread_tcb_s
   pthread_addr_t arg;                    /* Startup argument                    */
   FAR void *joininfo;                    /* Detach-able info to support join    */
 
+  /* Robust mutex support *******************************************************/
+
+  FAR struct pthread_mutex_s *mhead;     /* List of mutexes held by thread      */
+
   /* Clean-up stack *************************************************************/
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PTHREAD_CLEANUP
diff --git a/include/pthread.h b/include/pthread.h
index 6fed93a8371..8f3c7bf37f3 100644
--- a/include/pthread.h
+++ b/include/pthread.h
@@ -143,6 +143,13 @@
 #define PTHREAD_PRIO_INHERIT          SEM_PRIO_INHERIT
 #define PTHREAD_PRIO_PROTECT          SEM_PRIO_PROTECT
 
+/* Values for struct pthread_mutex_s flags.  These are non-standard and
+ * intended only for internal use within the OS.
+ */
+
+#define _PTHREAD_MFLAGS_INCONSISTENT  (1 << 0) /* Mutex is in an inconsistent state */
+#define _PTHREAD_MFLAGS_NOTRECOVRABLE (1 << 1) /* Inconsistent mutex has been unlocked */
+
 /* Definitions to map some non-standard, BSD thread management interfaces to
  * the non-standard Linux-like prctl() interface.  Since these are simple
  * mappings to prctl, they will return 0 on success and -1 on failure with the
@@ -221,7 +228,7 @@ struct pthread_mutexattr_s
 {
   uint8_t pshared;  /* PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE or PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED */
 #ifdef CONFIG_PRIORITY_INHERITANCE
-  uint8_t proto;    /* See PTHREAD_PRIO_* definitions */
+  uint8_t proto;    /* See _PTHREAD_PRIO_* definitions */
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_MUTEX_TYPES
   uint8_t type;     /* Type of the mutex.  See PTHREAD_MUTEX_* definitions */
@@ -233,11 +240,18 @@ typedef struct pthread_mutexattr_s pthread_mutexattr_t;
 
 struct pthread_mutex_s
 {
-  int pid;          /* ID of the holder of the mutex */
+  /* Supports a singly linked list */
+
+  FAR struct pthread_mutex_s *flink;
+
+  /* Payload */
+
   sem_t sem;        /* Semaphore underlying the implementation of the mutex */
+  pid_t pid;        /* ID of the holder of the mutex */
+  uint8_t flags;    /* See PTHREAD_MFLAGS_* */
 #ifdef CONFIG_MUTEX_TYPES
   uint8_t type;     /* Type of the mutex.  See PTHREAD_MUTEX_* definitions */
-  int nlocks;       /* The number of recursive locks held */
+  int16_t nlocks;   /* The number of recursive locks held */
 #endif
 };
 
diff --git a/sched/pthread/Make.defs b/sched/pthread/Make.defs
index 5a602d3e1fa..9f2c8c64798 100644
--- a/sched/pthread/Make.defs
+++ b/sched/pthread/Make.defs
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ ifneq ($(CONFIG_DISABLE_PTHREAD),y)
 
 CSRCS += pthread_create.c pthread_exit.c pthread_join.c pthread_detach.c
 CSRCS += pthread_yield.c pthread_getschedparam.c pthread_setschedparam.c
-CSRCS += pthread_mutexinit.c pthread_mutexdestroy.c
+CSRCS += pthread_mutexinit.c pthread_mutexdestroy.c pthread_mutex.c
 CSRCS += pthread_mutexlock.c pthread_mutextrylock.c pthread_mutexunlock.c
 CSRCS += pthread_mutexconsistent.c
 CSRCS += pthread_condinit.c pthread_conddestroy.c
diff --git a/sched/pthread/pthread.h b/sched/pthread/pthread.h
index 858e80ed079..79492d930d5 100644
--- a/sched/pthread/pthread.h
+++ b/sched/pthread/pthread.h
@@ -107,8 +107,10 @@ void pthread_destroyjoin(FAR struct task_group_s *group,
 FAR struct join_s *pthread_findjoininfo(FAR struct task_group_s *group,
                                         pid_t pid);
 void pthread_release(FAR struct task_group_s *group);
-int pthread_givesemaphore(sem_t *sem);
 int pthread_takesemaphore(sem_t *sem, bool intr);
+int pthread_givesemaphore(sem_t *sem);
+int pthread_takemutex(FAR struct pthread_mutex_s *mutex, bool intr);
+int pthread_givemutex(FAR struct pthread_mutex_s *mutex);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_MUTEX_TYPES
 int pthread_mutexattr_verifytype(int type);
diff --git a/sched/pthread/pthread_condtimedwait.c b/sched/pthread/pthread_condtimedwait.c
index 960f46483c3..b03fc3a73fa 100644
--- a/sched/pthread/pthread_condtimedwait.c
+++ b/sched/pthread/pthread_condtimedwait.c
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ int pthread_cond_timedwait(FAR pthread_cond_t *cond, FAR pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
                   /* Give up the mutex */
 
                   mutex->pid = -1;
-                  ret = pthread_givesemaphore((FAR sem_t *)&mutex->sem);
+                  ret = pthread_givemutex(mutex);
                   if (ret != 0)
                     {
                       /* Restore interrupts  (pre-emption will be enabled when
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ int pthread_cond_timedwait(FAR pthread_cond_t *cond, FAR pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
                   /* Reacquire the mutex (retaining the ret). */
 
                   sinfo("Re-locking...\n");
-                  status = pthread_takesemaphore((FAR sem_t *)&mutex->sem, false);
+                  status = pthread_takemutex(mutex, false);
                   if (status == OK)
                     {
                       mutex->pid = mypid;
diff --git a/sched/pthread/pthread_condwait.c b/sched/pthread/pthread_condwait.c
index a434f3032cd..88f39485aaf 100644
--- a/sched/pthread/pthread_condwait.c
+++ b/sched/pthread/pthread_condwait.c
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ int pthread_cond_wait(FAR pthread_cond_t *cond, FAR pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
 
       sched_lock();
       mutex->pid = -1;
-      ret = pthread_givesemaphore((FAR sem_t *)&mutex->sem);
+      ret = pthread_givemutex(mutex);
 
       /* Take the semaphore */
 
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ int pthread_cond_wait(FAR pthread_cond_t *cond, FAR pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
        */
 
       sinfo("Reacquire mutex...\n");
-      status = pthread_takesemaphore((FAR sem_t *)&mutex->sem, false);
+      status = pthread_takemutex(mutex, false);
       if (ret == OK)
         {
           /* Report the first failure that occurs */
diff --git a/sched/pthread/pthread_mutexlock.c b/sched/pthread/pthread_mutexlock.c
index 657bede3708..251f071b474 100644
--- a/sched/pthread/pthread_mutexlock.c
+++ b/sched/pthread/pthread_mutexlock.c
@@ -133,8 +133,15 @@ int pthread_mutex_lock(FAR pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
                * success.
                */
 
-              mutex->nlocks++;
-              ret = OK;
+              if (mutex->nlocks < INT16_MAX)
+                {
+                  mutex->nlocks++;
+                  ret = OK;
+                }
+              else
+                {
+                  ret = EOVERFLOW;
+                }
             }
           else
 #endif
@@ -176,7 +183,7 @@ int pthread_mutex_lock(FAR pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
         {
           /* Take the underlying semaphore, waiting if necessary */
 
-          ret = pthread_takesemaphore((FAR sem_t *)&mutex->sem, true);
+          ret = pthread_takemutex(mutex, true);
 
           /* If we successfully obtained the semaphore, then indicate
            * that we own it.
@@ -189,14 +196,6 @@ int pthread_mutex_lock(FAR pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
               mutex->nlocks = 1;
 #endif
             }
-
-          /* Check if we were awakened by a signal.  This might happen if the
-           * tasking holding the mutex just exitted.
-           */
-
-         else if (ret == EINTR)
-           {
-           }
         }
 
       sched_unlock();
diff --git a/sched/pthread/pthread_mutextrylock.c b/sched/pthread/pthread_mutextrylock.c
index a71e845f77d..630de9e5fd3 100644
--- a/sched/pthread/pthread_mutextrylock.c
+++ b/sched/pthread/pthread_mutextrylock.c
@@ -136,8 +136,15 @@ int pthread_mutex_trylock(FAR pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
                 {
                   /* Increment the number of locks held and return successfully. */
 
-                  mutex->nlocks++;
-                  ret = OK;
+                  if (mutex->nlocks < INT16_MAX)
+                    {
+                      mutex->nlocks++;
+                      ret = OK;
+                    }
+                  else
+                    {
+                      ret = EOVERFLOW;
+                    }
                 }
               else
 #endif
diff --git a/sched/pthread/pthread_mutexunlock.c b/sched/pthread/pthread_mutexunlock.c
index 9493d96e6cd..05f461605fb 100644
--- a/sched/pthread/pthread_mutexunlock.c
+++ b/sched/pthread/pthread_mutexunlock.c
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ int pthread_mutex_unlock(FAR pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
 #ifdef CONFIG_MUTEX_TYPES
           mutex->nlocks = 0;
 #endif
-          ret = pthread_givesemaphore((FAR sem_t *)&mutex->sem);
+          ret = pthread_givemutex(mutex);
         }
 
       sched_unlock();