README
^^^^^^

README for NuttX port to the Embedded Artists LPCXpresso LPC1115 board
featuring the NXP LPC1115 MCU.

Contents
^^^^^^^^

  LCPXpresso LPC1115 Board
  Code Red IDE
  Using OpenOCD
  LEDs
  LPCXpresso Configuration Options
  Configurations

LCPXpresso LPC1115 Board
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  Pin Description                  Connector
  -------------------------------- ---------

  P0[0]/RD1/TXD3/SDA1               J6-9
  P0[1]/TD1/RXD3/SCL                J6-10
  P0[2]/TXD0/AD0[7]                 J6-21
  P0[3]/RXD0/AD0[6]                 J6-22
  P0[4]/I2SRX-CLK/RD2/CAP2.0        J6-38
  P0[5]/I2SRX-WS/TD2/CAP2.1         J6-39
  P0[6]/I2SRX_SDA/SSEL1/MAT2[0]     J6-8
  P0[7]/I2STX_CLK/SCK1/MAT2[1]      J6-7
  P0[8]/I2STX_WS/MISO1/MAT2[2]      J6-6
  P0[9]/I2STX_SDA/MOSI1/MAT2[3]     J6-5
  P0[10]                            J6-40
  P0[11]                            J6-41

  P1[0]/ENET-TXD0                   J6-34?
  P1[1]/ENET_TXD1                   J6-35?
  P1[4]/ENET_TX_EN
  P1[8]/ENET_CRS
  P1[9]/ENET_RXD0
  P1[10]/ENET_RXD1

  P2[0]/PWM1.1/TXD1
  P2[1]/PWM1.2/RXD1                 J6-43
  P2[2]/PWM1.3/CTS1/TRACEDATA[3]    J6-44
  P2[3]/PWM1.4/DCD1/TRACEDATA[2]    J6-45
  P2[4]/PWM1.5/DSR1/TRACEDATA[1]    J6-46
  P2[5]/PWM1[6]/DTR1/TRACEDATA[0]   J6-47
  P2[6]/PCAP1[0]/RI1/TRACECLK       J6-48
  P2[7]/RD2/RTS1                    J6-49
  P2[8]/TD2/TXD2                    J6-50
  P2[9]/USB_CONNECT/RXD2            PAD19
  P2[10]/EINT0/NMI                  J6-51

  P3[25]/MAT0.0/PWM1.2              PAD13
  P3[26]/STCLK/MAT0.1/PWM1.3        PAD14

Code Red IDE
^^^^^^^^^^^^

  NuttX is built using command-line make.  It can be used with an IDE, but some
  effort will be required to create the project.

  Makefile Build
  --------------
  Under Linux Eclipse, it is pretty easy to set up an "empty makefile project" and
  simply use the NuttX makefile to build the system.  That is almost for free
  under Linux.  Under Windows, you will need to set up the "Cygwin GCC" empty
  makefile project in order to work with Windows (Google for "Eclipse Cygwin" -
  there is a lot of help on the internet).

  Native Build
  ------------
  Here are a few tips before you start that effort:

  1) Select the toolchain that you will be using in your .config file
  2) Start the NuttX build at least one time from the Cygwin command line
     before trying to create your project.  This is necessary to create
     certain auto-generated files and directories that will be needed.
  3) Set up include pathes:  You will need include/, arch/arm/src/lpc11xx,
     arch/arm/src/common, arch/arm/src/armv7-m, and sched/.
  4) All assembly files need to have the definition option -D __ASSEMBLY__
     on the command line.

  Startup files will probably cause you some headaches.  The NuttX startup file
  is arch/arm/src/lpc11x/lpc11_vectors.S.

  Using Code Red GNU Tools from Cygwin
  ------------------------------------

  Under Cygwin, the Code Red command line tools (e.g., arm-non-eabi-gcc) cannot
  be executed because they only have execute privileges for Administrators.  I
  worked around this by:

  Opening a native Cygwin RXVT as Administrator (Right click, "Run as administrator"),
  then executing 'chmod 755 *.exe' in the following directories:

  /cygdrive/c/nxp/lpcxpreeso_3.6/bin, and
  /cygdrive/c/nxp/lpcxpreeso_3.6/Tools/bin

  Command Line Flash Programming
  ------------------------------

  During the port development was used a STLink-v2 SWD programmer with OpenOCD to
  write the firmware in the flash and GDB to debug NuttX initialization.

  If using LPCLink as your debug connection, first of all boot the LPC-Link using
  the script:

    bin\Scripts\bootLPCXpresso type

  where type = winusb for Windows XP, or type = hid for Windows Vista / 7.

  Now run the flash programming utility with the following options

    flash_utility wire -ptarget -flash-load[-exec]=filename [-load-base=base_address]

  Where flash_utility is one of:

    crt_emu_lpc11_13 (for LPC11xx or LPC13xx parts)
    crt_emu_cm3_nxp (for LPC11xx parts)
    crt_emu_a7_nxp (for LPC21/22/23/24 parts)
    crt_emu_a9_nxp (for LPC31/32 and LPC29xx parts)
    crt_emu_cm3_lmi (for TI Stellaris parts)

  wire is one of:

    (empty) (for Red Probe+, Red Probe, RDB1768v1, or TI Stellaris evaluation boards)
    -wire=hid (for RDB1768v2 without upgraded firmware)
    -wire=winusb (for RDB1768v2 with upgraded firmware)
    -wire=winusb (for LPC-Link on Windows XP)
    -wire=hid (for LPC-Link on Windows Vista/ Windows 7)

  target is the target chip name. For example LPC1343, LPC1114/301, LPC1115 etc.

  filename is the file to flash program. It may be an executable (axf) or a binary
  (bin) file. If using a binary file, the base_address must be specified.

  base_address is the base load address when flash programming a binary file. It
  should be specified as a hex value with a leading 0x.

  Note:
  - flash-load will leave the processor in a stopped state
  - flash-load-exec will start execution of application as soon as download has
    completed.

  Examples
    To load the executable file app.axf and start it executing on an LPC1158
    target using Red Probe, use the following command line:

      crt_emu_cm3_nxp -pLPC1158 -flash-load-exec=app.axf

    To load the binary file binary.bin to address 0x1000 to an LPC1343 target
    using LPC-Link on Windows XP, use the following command line:

      crt_emu_lpc11_13_nxp -wire=hid -pLPC1343 -flash-load=binary.bin -load-base=0x1000

  tools/flash.sh
  --------------

  All of the above steps are automated in the bash script flash.sh that can
  be found in the configs/lpcxpresso/tools directory.

Using OpenOCD
^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  https://acassis.wordpress.com/2015/03/29/using-openocd-to-program-the-lpc1115-lpcxpresso-board/

  Using OpenOCD to program the LPC1115 LPCXpresso board
  March 29, 2015 by acassis

  Unfortunately NXP uses a built-in programmer in the LPCXpresso board
  called LPCLink that is not supported by OpenOCD and there is not (AFAIK)
  an option to replace its firmware.

  Then I decided to cut the board to separate the “LPCXpresso LPC1115 REV A”
  from the LPCLink programmer.

  So I used a simple and low cost STLink-v2 programmer board that is
  supported by OpenOCD. In order to use OpenOCD to reprogram the LPC1115
  board we need to connect four wires from STLink-v2 to LPC1115 board:

    STLink-v2    |   LPC1115 Board
    ------------------------------
    GND              GND
    3V3              3V3
    IO               AD4
    CLK              P0.10


  Also we need to instruct OpenOCD to use SWD protocol. You can do it
  creating the following config openocd.cfg file:

    # LPC1115 LPCXpresso Target

    # Using stlink as SWD programmer
    source [find interface/stlink-v2.cfg]

    # SWD as transport
    transport select hla_swd

    # Use LPC1115 target
    set WORKAREASIZE 0x4000
    source [find target/lpc11xx.cfg]

  Now execute OpenOCD using the created config file:

    $ sudo openocd -f openocd.cfg
    Open On-Chip Debugger 0.9.0-dev-00251-g1fa4c72 (2015-01-28-20:08)
    Licensed under GNU GPL v2
    For bug reports, read
        http://openocd.sourceforge.net/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
    Info : The selected transport took over low-level target control. The results might differ compared to plain JTAG/SWD
    adapter speed: 10 kHz
    adapter_nsrst_delay: 200
    Info : Unable to match requested speed 10 kHz, using 5 kHz
    Info : Unable to match requested speed 10 kHz, using 5 kHz
    Info : clock speed 5 kHz
    Info : STLINK v2 JTAG v17 API v2 SWIM v4 VID 0x0483 PID 0x3748
    Info : using stlink api v2
    Info : Target voltage: 3.137636
    Info : lpc11xx.cpu: hardware has 4 breakpoints, 2 watchpoints

  Connect to OpenOCD server:

    $ telnet 127.0.0.1 4444

    Reset the CPU and flash the lpc1115_blink.bin file:

      > reset halt
    target state: halted
    target halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread
    xPSR: 0xc1000000 pc: 0x1fff0040 msp: 0x10000ffc

    > flash probe 0
    flash 'lpc2000' found at 0x00000000

    > flash write_image erase blink_lpc1115.bin 0x00000000
    auto erase enabled
    target state: halted
    target halted due to breakpoint, current mode: Thread
    xPSR: 0x01000000 pc: 0x10000108 msp: 0x100001b8
    Verification will fail since checksum in image (0x00000000) to be written to flash is different from calculated vector checksum (0xefffebe9).
    To remove this warning modify build tools on developer PC to inject correct LPC vector checksum.
    wrote 4096 bytes from file blink_lpc1115.bin in 0.592621s (6.750 KiB/s)

    > reset run

  The checksum warning message could be removed if you add the checksum to
  binary, read this post:

    http://sigalrm.blogspot.com.br/2011/10/cortex-m3-exception-vector-checksum.html.

  The blink LED sample I got from Frank Duignan’s page:

    http://eleceng.dit.ie/frank/arm/BareMetalLPC1114/index.html

  Edit Makefile and configure LIBSPEC to point out to the right path:

     LIBSPEC=-L /usr/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8/armv6-m

  $ make

  To generate the final binary I used objcopy:

  $ arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary main.elf blink_lpc1115.bin

  https://acassis.wordpress.com/2015/05/22/using-openocd-and-gdb-to-debug-my-nuttx-port-to-lpc11xx/

  Using OpenOCD and gdb to debug my NuttX port to LPC11xx
  May 22, 2015 by acassis

  I’m porting NuttX to LPC11xx (using the LPCXpresso LPC1115 board) and
  these are the steps I used to get OpenOCD and GDB working to debug my firmware:

  The openocd.cfg to use with STLink-v2 SWD programmer:

    # LPC1115 LPCXpresso Target

    # Using stlink as SWD programmer
    source [find interface/stlink-v2.cfg]

    # SWD as transport
    transport select hla_swd

    # Use LPC1115 target
    set WORKAREASIZE 0x4000
    source [find target/lpc11xx.cfg]

  You need to execute “reset halt” from OpenOCD telnet server to get
  “monitor reset halt” working on gdb:

    $ telnet 127.0.0.1 4444Trying 127.0.0.1...
    Connected to 127.0.0.1.
    Escape character is '^]'.
    Open On-Chip Debugger

    > reset halt
    target state: halted
    target halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread
    xPSR: 0xc1000000 pc: 0x1fff0040 msp: 0x10000ffc

    > exit

  Now execute the command arm-none-eabi-gdb (from Debian/Ubuntu package
  “gdb-arm-none-eabi”) passing the nuttx ELF file:

    $ arm-none-eabi-gdb nuttx
    GNU gdb (7.7.1+dfsg-1+6) 7.7.1
    Reading symbols from nuttx...done.

    (gdb) target remote localhost:3333
    Remote debugging using localhost:3333
    0x1fff0040 in ?? ()

    (gdb) monitor reset halt
    target state: halted
    target halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread
    xPSR: 0xc1000000 pc: 0x1fff0040 msp: 0x10000ffc

    (gdb) load
    Loading section .vectors, size 0xc0 lma 0x0
    Loading section .text, size 0x9197 lma 0x410
    Loading section .ARM.exidx, size 0x8 lma 0x95a8
    Loading section .data, size 0x48 lma 0x95b0
    Start address 0x410, load size 37543
    Transfer rate: 9 KB/sec, 6257 bytes/write.

    (gdb) b __start
    Breakpoint 1 at 0x410: file chip/lpc11_start.c, line 109.

    (gdb) step

    Note: automatically using hardware breakpoints for read-only addresses.

    Breakpoint 1, __start () at chip/lpc11_start.c:109
    109	{

    (gdb)
    115	  lpc11_clockconfig();

    (gdb)
    lpc11_clockconfig () at chip/lpc11_clockconfig.c:93
    93	  putreg32(SYSCON_SYSPLLCLKSEL_IRCOSC, LPC11_SYSCON_SYSPLLCLKSEL);

    (gdb)
    96	  putreg32((SYSCON_SYSPLLCTRL_MSEL_DIV(4) | SYSCON_SYSPLLCTRL_PSEL_DIV2), LPC11_SYSCON_SYSPLLCTRL);

    (gdb) p /x *0x40048008      <--- this is the LPC11_SYSCON_SYSPLLCTRL register address
    $2 = 0x23
    (gdb)

    You can use breakpoints, steps and many other GDB features.

    That is it!

LEDs
^^^^

  If CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS is defined, then support for the LPCXpresso LEDs will be
  included in the build.  See:

  - configs/lpcxpresso-lpc1115/include/board.h - Defines LED constants, types and
    prototypes the LED interface functions.

  - configs/lpcxpresso-lpc1115/src/lpcxpresso-lpc1115.h - GPIO settings for the LEDs.

  - configs/lpcxpresso-lpc1115/src/up_leds.c - LED control logic.

  The LPCXpresso LPC1115 has a single LEDs.  Usage this single LED by NuttX
  is as follows:

  - The LED is not illuminated until the LPCXpresso completes initialization.

    If the LED is stuck in the OFF state, this means that the LPCXpresso did not
    complete initializeation.

  - Each time the OS enters an interrupt (or a signal) it will turn the LED OFF and
    restores its previous stated upon return from the interrupt (or signal).

    The normal state, after initialization will be a dull glow.  The brightness of
    the glow will be inversely related to the proportion of time spent within interrupt
    handling logic.  The glow may decrease in brightness when the system is very
    busy handling device interrupts and increase in brightness as the system becomes
    idle.

    Stuck in the OFF state suggests that that the system never completed
    initialization;  Stuck in the ON state would indicated that the system
    intialialized, but is not takint interrupts.

  - If a fatal assertion or a fatal unhandled exception occurs, the LED will flash
    strongly as a slow, 2Hz rate.

LPCXpresso Configuration Options
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

  General Architecture Settings:

    CONFIG_ARCH - Identifies the arch/ subdirectory.  This should
     be set to:

       CONFIG_ARCH=arm

    CONFIG_ARCH_family - For use in C code:

       CONFIG_ARCH_ARM=y

    CONFIG_ARCH_architecture - For use in C code:

       CONFIG_ARCH_CORTEXM0=y

    CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP - Identifies the arch/*/chip subdirectory

       CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP=lpc11xx

    CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_name - For use in C code to identify the exact
       chip:

       CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_LPC1115=y

    CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD - Identifies the configs subdirectory and
       hence, the board that supports the particular chip or SoC.

       CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD=lpcxpresso-lpc1115

    CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_name - For use in C code

       CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_LPCEXPRESSO=y

    CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC - Must be calibrated for correct operation
       of delay loops

    CONFIG_ENDIAN_BIG - define if big endian (default is little
       endian)

    CONFIG_RAM_SIZE - Describes the installed DRAM (CPU SRAM in this case):

       CONFIG_RAM_SIZE=(8*1024) (8Kb)

       There is an additional 32Kb of SRAM in AHB SRAM banks 0 and 1.

    CONFIG_RAM_START - The start address of installed DRAM

       CONFIG_RAM_START=0x10000000

    CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS - Use LEDs to show state. Unique to boards that
       have LEDs

    CONFIG_ARCH_INTERRUPTSTACK - This architecture supports an interrupt
       stack. If defined, this symbol is the size of the interrupt
       stack in bytes.  If not defined, the user task stacks will be
       used during interrupt handling.

    CONFIG_ARCH_STACKDUMP - Do stack dumps after assertions

    CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS -  Use LEDs to show state. Unique to board architecture.

    CONFIG_ARCH_CALIBRATION - Enables some build in instrumentation that
       cause a 100 second delay during boot-up.  This 100 second delay
       serves no purpose other than it allows you to calibratre
       CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC.  You simply use a stop watch to measure
       the 100 second delay then adjust CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC until
       the delay actually is 100 seconds.

    Individual subsystems can be enabled:
      CONFIG_LPC11_MAINOSC=y
      CONFIG_LPC11_PLL0=y
      CONFIG_LPC11_UART0=y
      CONFIG_LPC11_CAN1=n
      CONFIG_LPC11_SPI=n
      CONFIG_LPC11_SSP0=n
      CONFIG_LPC11_SSP1=n
      CONFIG_LPC11_I2C0=n
      CONFIG_LPC11_I2S=n
      CONFIG_LPC11_TMR0=n
      CONFIG_LPC11_TMR1=n
      CONFIG_LPC11_PWM0=n
      CONFIG_LPC11_ADC=n
      CONFIG_LPC11_FLASH=n

  LPC11xx specific device driver settings

    CONFIG_UARTn_SERIAL_CONSOLE - selects the UARTn for the
       console and ttys0 (default is the UART0).
    CONFIG_UARTn_RXBUFSIZE - Characters are buffered as received.
       This specific the size of the receive buffer
    CONFIG_UARTn_TXBUFSIZE - Characters are buffered before
       being sent.  This specific the size of the transmit buffer
    CONFIG_UARTn_BAUD - The configure BAUD of the UART.  Must be
    CONFIG_UARTn_BITS - The number of bits.  Must be either 7 or 8.
    CONFIG_UARTn_PARTIY - 0=no parity, 1=odd parity, 2=even parity
    CONFIG_UARTn_2STOP - Two stop bits

  LPC11xx specific CAN device driver settings.  These settings all
  require CONFIG_CAN:

    CONFIG_CAN_EXTID - Enables support for the 29-bit extended ID.  Default
      Standard 11-bit IDs.
    CONFIG_LPC11_CAN1_BAUD - CAN1 BAUD rate.  Required if CONFIG_LPC11_CAN1
      is defined.
    CONFIG_LPC11_CAN1_DIVISOR - CAN1 is clocked at CCLK divided by this
      number. (the CCLK frequency is divided by this number to get the CAN
      clock). Options = {1,2,4,6}. Default: 4.
    CONFIG_LPC11_CAN_TSEG1 - The number of CAN time quanta in segment 1. Default: 6

Configurations
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Each LPCXpresso configuration is maintained in a sub-directory and can be
selected as follow:

    tools/configure.sh lpcxpresso-lpc1115/<subdir>

Where <subdir> is one of the following:

  nsh:
  ---

    Configures the NuttShell (nsh) located at apps/examples/nsh.  The
    Configuration enables both the serial and telnet NSH interfaces.

    NOTES:

    1. This configuration uses the mconf-based configuration tool.  To
       change this configurations using that tool, you should:

       a. Build and install the kconfig-mconf tool.  See nuttx/README.txt
          see additional README.txt files in the NuttX tools repository.

       b. Execute 'make menuconfig' in nuttx/ in order to start the
          reconfiguration process.

    2. This configuration has been used for testing the microSD card.
       This support is, however, disabled in the base configuration.

       At last attempt, the SPI-based mircroSD does not work at
       higher fequencies.  Setting the SPI frequency to 400000
       removes the problem.   There must be some more optimal
       value that could be determined with additional experimetnation.

       Jumpers: J55 must be set to provide chip select PIO1_11 signal as
       the SD slot chip select.
