diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 461e676c4e6..fedfebf393f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -170,6 +170,8 @@ jobs:
       - common
     outputs:
       integration-tests: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.integration-tests }}
+      integration-tests-run-all: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.integration-tests-run-all }}
+      integration-test-files: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.integration-test-files }}
       clang-tidy: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.clang-tidy }}
       clang-tidy-mode: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.clang-tidy-mode }}
       python-linters: ${{ steps.determine.outputs.python-linters }}
@@ -210,6 +212,8 @@ jobs:
 
           # Extract individual fields
           echo "integration-tests=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.integration_tests')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "integration-tests-run-all=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.integration_tests_run_all')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "integration-test-files=$(echo "$output" | jq -c '.integration_test_files')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "clang-tidy=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.clang_tidy')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "clang-tidy-mode=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.clang_tidy_mode')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "python-linters=$(echo "$output" | jq -r '.python_linters')" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
@@ -261,9 +265,20 @@ jobs:
       - name: Register matcher
         run: echo "::add-matcher::.github/workflows/matchers/pytest.json"
       - name: Run integration tests
+        env:
+          INTEGRATION_TEST_FILES: ${{ needs.determine-jobs.outputs.integration-test-files }}
+          INTEGRATION_TESTS_RUN_ALL: ${{ needs.determine-jobs.outputs.integration-tests-run-all }}
         run: |
           . venv/bin/activate
-          pytest -vv --no-cov --tb=native -n auto tests/integration/
+          if [[ "$INTEGRATION_TESTS_RUN_ALL" == "true" ]]; then
+            echo "Running all integration tests"
+            pytest -vv --no-cov --tb=native -n auto tests/integration/
+          else
+            # Parse JSON array into bash array to avoid shell expansion issues
+            mapfile -t test_files < <(echo "$INTEGRATION_TEST_FILES" | jq -r '.[]')
+            echo "Running ${#test_files[@]} specific integration tests"
+            pytest -vv --no-cov --tb=native -n auto "${test_files[@]}"
+          fi
 
   cpp-unit-tests:
     name: Run C++ unit tests
diff --git a/script/determine-jobs.py b/script/determine-jobs.py
index 318ac04a7d0..6808a3cf6c9 100755
--- a/script/determine-jobs.py
+++ b/script/determine-jobs.py
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ what files have changed. It outputs JSON with the following structure:
 
 {
   "integration_tests": true/false,
+  "integration_tests_run_all": true/false,
+  "integration_test_files": ["tests/integration/test_foo.py", ...],
   "clang_tidy": true/false,
   "clang_format": true/false,
   "python_linters": true/false,
@@ -56,13 +58,13 @@ from helpers import (
     core_changed,
     filter_component_and_test_cpp_files,
     filter_component_and_test_files,
-    get_all_dependencies,
     get_changed_components,
     get_component_from_path,
     get_component_test_files,
-    get_components_from_integration_fixtures,
     get_components_with_dependencies,
     get_cpp_changed_components,
+    get_fixture_to_test_files,
+    get_integration_test_files_for_components,
     get_target_branch,
     git_ls_files,
     parse_test_filename,
@@ -143,65 +145,88 @@ MEMORY_IMPACT_PLATFORM_PREFERENCE = [
 ]
 
 
-def should_run_integration_tests(branch: str | None = None) -> bool:
-    """Determine if integration tests should run based on changed files.
+def determine_integration_tests(branch: str | None = None) -> tuple[bool, list[str]]:
+    """Determine which integration tests should run based on changed files.
 
-    This function is used by the CI workflow to intelligently skip integration tests when they're
-    not needed, saving significant CI time and resources.
+    This function is used by the CI workflow to intelligently skip or filter
+    integration tests, saving significant CI time and resources.
 
-    Integration tests will run when ANY of the following conditions are met:
+    Returns (run_all=True, []) when ANY of the following conditions are met:
 
     1. Core C++ files changed (esphome/core/*)
        - Any .cpp, .h, .tcc files in the core directory
        - These files contain fundamental functionality used throughout ESPHome
-       - Examples: esphome/core/component.cpp, esphome/core/application.h
 
     2. Core Python files changed (esphome/core/*.py)
        - Only .py files in the esphome/core/ directory
        - These are core Python files that affect the entire system
-       - Examples: esphome/core/config.py, esphome/core/__init__.py
-       - NOT included: esphome/*.py, esphome/dashboard/*.py, esphome/components/*/*.py
 
-    3. Integration test files changed
-       - Any file in tests/integration/ directory
-       - This includes test files themselves and fixture YAML files
-       - Examples: tests/integration/test_api.py, tests/integration/fixtures/api.yaml
+    3. Integration test infrastructure files changed
+       - conftest.py, types.py, const.py, entity_utils.py, state_utils.py, etc.
 
-    4. Components used by integration tests (or their dependencies) changed
-       - The function parses all YAML files in tests/integration/fixtures/
-       - Extracts which components are used in integration tests
-       - Recursively finds all dependencies of those components
-       - If any of these components have changes, tests must run
-       - Example: If api.yaml uses 'sensor' and 'api' components, and 'api' depends on 'socket',
-         then changes to sensor/, api/, or socket/ components trigger tests
+    Returns (run_all=False, [test_files...]) when:
+
+    4. Specific integration test files changed
+       - Only those specific test files are returned
+
+    5. Components used by integration tests (or their dependencies) changed
+       - Only test files whose fixtures use the changed components are returned
 
     Args:
         branch: Branch to compare against. If None, uses default.
 
     Returns:
-        True if integration tests should run, False otherwise.
+        Tuple of (run_all, test_files) where:
+        - run_all: True if all integration tests should run
+        - test_files: List of specific test file paths to run (empty if run_all
+          is True, or if no tests need to run)
     """
     files = changed_files(branch)
 
     if core_changed(files):
-        # If any core files changed, run integration tests
-        return True
+        # If any core files changed, run all integration tests
+        return (True, [])
 
-    # Check if any integration test files changed
-    if any("tests/integration" in file for file in files):
-        return True
+    # If infrastructure Python files changed (conftest, utils, etc.), run all tests
+    # Excludes test files (test_*.py), fixtures, and non-Python files (README.md)
+    if any(
+        f.startswith("tests/integration/")
+        and f.endswith(".py")
+        and not f.startswith("tests/integration/test_")
+        and "/fixtures/" not in f
+        for f in files
+    ):
+        return (True, [])
 
-    # Get all components used in integration tests and their dependencies
-    fixture_components = get_components_from_integration_fixtures()
-    all_required_components = get_all_dependencies(fixture_components)
+    # Collect specific test files that need to run
+    test_files: set[str] = set()
+    fixture_to_test_files = get_fixture_to_test_files()
 
-    # Check if any required components changed
-    for file in files:
-        component = get_component_from_path(file)
-        if component and component in all_required_components:
-            return True
+    for f in files:
+        if f.startswith("tests/integration/test_") and f.endswith(".py"):
+            test_files.add(f)
+        elif f.startswith("tests/integration/fixtures/"):
+            if f.endswith(".yaml"):
+                # Fixture YAML changed - add corresponding test file(s)
+                test_files.update(fixture_to_test_files.get(Path(f).stem, ()))
+            else:
+                # Non-YAML fixture file changed (e.g., external_components/)
+                # Run all tests since we can't determine which tests are affected
+                return (True, [])
 
-    return False
+    # Find test files whose fixtures use any of the changed components
+    changed_component_set = {
+        component for file in files if (component := get_component_from_path(file))
+    }
+    if changed_component_set:
+        test_files.update(
+            get_integration_test_files_for_components(changed_component_set)
+        )
+
+    if test_files:
+        return (False, sorted(test_files))
+
+    return (False, [])
 
 
 @cache
@@ -682,7 +707,10 @@ def main() -> None:
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
     # Determine what should run
-    run_integration = should_run_integration_tests(args.branch)
+    integration_run_all, integration_test_files = determine_integration_tests(
+        args.branch
+    )
+    run_integration = integration_run_all or bool(integration_test_files)
     run_clang_tidy = should_run_clang_tidy(args.branch)
     run_clang_format = should_run_clang_format(args.branch)
     run_python_linters = should_run_python_linters(args.branch)
@@ -810,6 +838,8 @@ def main() -> None:
 
     output: dict[str, Any] = {
         "integration_tests": run_integration,
+        "integration_tests_run_all": integration_run_all,
+        "integration_test_files": integration_test_files,
         "clang_tidy": run_clang_tidy,
         "clang_tidy_mode": clang_tidy_mode,
         "clang_format": run_clang_format,
diff --git a/script/helpers.py b/script/helpers.py
index 6ee286a657f..9665af70ec7 100644
--- a/script/helpers.py
+++ b/script/helpers.py
@@ -700,37 +700,141 @@ def get_all_dependencies(
     return all_components
 
 
+def _extract_components_from_yaml(config: dict) -> set[str]:
+    """Extract component names from a parsed YAML config.
+
+    Args:
+        config: Parsed YAML configuration dictionary
+
+    Returns:
+        Set of component names found in the config
+    """
+    components: set[str] = set()
+
+    # Add all top-level component keys (skip YAML anchor keys starting with '.')
+    components.update(k for k in config if isinstance(k, str) and not k.startswith("."))
+
+    # Add platform values from list entries (e.g., sensor -> platform: template adds "template")
+    for value in config.values():
+        if isinstance(value, list):
+            components.update(
+                item["platform"]
+                for item in value
+                if isinstance(item, dict) and "platform" in item
+            )
+
+    return components
+
+
 def get_components_from_integration_fixtures() -> set[str]:
     """Extract all components used in integration test fixtures.
 
     Returns:
         Set of component names used in integration test fixtures
     """
+    return {
+        comp
+        for components in get_components_per_integration_fixture().values()
+        for comp in components
+    }
+
+
+@cache
+def get_components_per_integration_fixture() -> dict[str, set[str]]:
+    """Extract components used in each integration test fixture.
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary mapping fixture name (stem) to set of component names
+    """
     from esphome import yaml_util
 
-    components: set[str] = set()
+    result: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
     fixtures_dir = Path(__file__).parent.parent / "tests" / "integration" / "fixtures"
 
     for yaml_file in fixtures_dir.glob("*.yaml"):
-        config: dict[str, any] | None = yaml_util.load_yaml(yaml_file)
+        config: dict[str, Any] | None = yaml_util.load_yaml(yaml_file)
         if not config:
             continue
 
-        # Add all top-level component keys (skip YAML anchor keys starting with '.')
-        components.update(
-            k for k in config if isinstance(k, str) and not k.startswith(".")
-        )
+        result[yaml_file.stem] = _extract_components_from_yaml(config)
 
-        # Add platform components (e.g., output.template)
-        for value in config.values():
-            if not isinstance(value, list):
-                continue
+    return result
 
-            for item in value:
-                if isinstance(item, dict) and "platform" in item:
-                    components.add(item["platform"])
 
-    return components
+_TEST_FUNC_RE = re.compile(r"async def (test_\w+)")
+
+
+@cache
+def get_fixture_to_test_files() -> dict[str, frozenset[str]]:
+    """Map integration test fixture names to the test files that use them.
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary mapping fixture name to frozenset of test file paths
+        (relative to repo root)
+    """
+    integration_dir = Path(__file__).parent.parent / "tests" / "integration"
+    result: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
+
+    for test_file in integration_dir.glob("test_*.py"):
+        content = test_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+        rel_path = test_file.relative_to(Path(__file__).parent.parent).as_posix()
+        for func in _TEST_FUNC_RE.findall(content):
+            base_name = func.replace("test_", "").partition("[")[0]
+            result.setdefault(base_name, set()).add(rel_path)
+
+    return {k: frozenset(v) for k, v in result.items()}
+
+
+@cache
+def _get_component_to_integration_test_files() -> dict[str, frozenset[str]]:
+    """Build index mapping each component to the test files that depend on it.
+
+    Resolves full dependency trees once per fixture, then inverts the mapping
+    so lookups are O(1) per component.
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary mapping component name to frozenset of test file paths
+    """
+    fixture_components = get_components_per_integration_fixture()
+    fixture_to_test_files = get_fixture_to_test_files()
+
+    result: dict[str, set[str]] = {}
+    for fixture_name, components in fixture_components.items():
+        test_files = fixture_to_test_files.get(fixture_name)
+        if not test_files:
+            continue
+        # Get full dependency tree for this fixture's components
+        all_deps = get_all_dependencies(components)
+        for dep in all_deps:
+            result.setdefault(dep, set()).update(test_files)
+
+    return {k: frozenset(v) for k, v in result.items()}
+
+
+def get_integration_test_files_for_components(
+    changed_components: set[str],
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Get integration test file paths that use any of the given components.
+
+    Uses a precomputed component → test files index for O(C) lookup
+    where C is the number of changed components.
+
+    Args:
+        changed_components: Set of component names that have changed
+
+    Returns:
+        Sorted list of test file paths relative to repo root
+        (e.g., ["tests/integration/test_api.py", ...])
+    """
+    component_to_tests = _get_component_to_integration_test_files()
+
+    return sorted(
+        {
+            test_file
+            for component in changed_components
+            for test_file in component_to_tests.get(component, ())
+        }
+    )
 
 
 def filter_component_and_test_files(file_path: str) -> bool:
diff --git a/tests/script/test_determine_jobs.py b/tests/script/test_determine_jobs.py
index 61ef8985df9..5c81ad374b1 100644
--- a/tests/script/test_determine_jobs.py
+++ b/tests/script/test_determine_jobs.py
@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ spec.loader.exec_module(determine_jobs)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
-def mock_should_run_integration_tests() -> Generator[Mock, None, None]:
-    """Mock should_run_integration_tests from helpers."""
-    with patch.object(determine_jobs, "should_run_integration_tests") as mock:
+def mock_determine_integration_tests() -> Generator[Mock, None, None]:
+    """Mock determine_integration_tests."""
+    with patch.object(determine_jobs, "determine_integration_tests") as mock:
         yield mock
 
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ def clear_determine_jobs_caches() -> None:
 
 
 def test_main_all_tests_should_run(
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests: Mock,
+    mock_determine_integration_tests: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_format: Mock,
     mock_should_run_python_linters: Mock,
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ def test_main_all_tests_should_run(
     # Ensure we're not in GITHUB_ACTIONS mode for this test
     monkeypatch.delenv("GITHUB_ACTIONS", raising=False)
 
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests.return_value = True
+    mock_determine_integration_tests.return_value = (True, [])
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy.return_value = True
     mock_should_run_clang_format.return_value = True
     mock_should_run_python_linters.return_value = True
@@ -152,6 +152,8 @@ def test_main_all_tests_should_run(
     output = json.loads(captured.out)
 
     assert output["integration_tests"] is True
+    assert output["integration_tests_run_all"] is True
+    assert output["integration_test_files"] == []
     assert output["clang_tidy"] is True
     assert output["clang_tidy_mode"] in ["nosplit", "split"]
     assert output["clang_format"] is True
@@ -183,7 +185,7 @@ def test_main_all_tests_should_run(
 
 
 def test_main_no_tests_should_run(
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests: Mock,
+    mock_determine_integration_tests: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_format: Mock,
     mock_should_run_python_linters: Mock,
@@ -196,7 +198,7 @@ def test_main_no_tests_should_run(
     # Ensure we're not in GITHUB_ACTIONS mode for this test
     monkeypatch.delenv("GITHUB_ACTIONS", raising=False)
 
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests.return_value = False
+    mock_determine_integration_tests.return_value = (False, [])
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy.return_value = False
     mock_should_run_clang_format.return_value = False
     mock_should_run_python_linters.return_value = False
@@ -233,6 +235,8 @@ def test_main_no_tests_should_run(
     output = json.loads(captured.out)
 
     assert output["integration_tests"] is False
+    assert output["integration_tests_run_all"] is False
+    assert output["integration_test_files"] == []
     assert output["clang_tidy"] is False
     assert output["clang_tidy_mode"] == "disabled"
     assert output["clang_format"] is False
@@ -253,7 +257,7 @@ def test_main_no_tests_should_run(
 
 
 def test_main_with_branch_argument(
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests: Mock,
+    mock_determine_integration_tests: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_format: Mock,
     mock_should_run_python_linters: Mock,
@@ -266,7 +270,7 @@ def test_main_with_branch_argument(
     # Ensure we're not in GITHUB_ACTIONS mode for this test
     monkeypatch.delenv("GITHUB_ACTIONS", raising=False)
 
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests.return_value = False
+    mock_determine_integration_tests.return_value = (False, [])
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy.return_value = True
     mock_should_run_clang_format.return_value = False
     mock_should_run_python_linters.return_value = True
@@ -302,7 +306,7 @@ def test_main_with_branch_argument(
         determine_jobs.main()
 
     # Check that functions were called with branch
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests.assert_called_once_with("main")
+    mock_determine_integration_tests.assert_called_once_with("main")
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy.assert_called_once_with("main")
     mock_should_run_clang_format.assert_called_once_with("main")
     mock_should_run_python_linters.assert_called_once_with("main")
@@ -312,6 +316,8 @@ def test_main_with_branch_argument(
     output = json.loads(captured.out)
 
     assert output["integration_tests"] is False
+    assert output["integration_tests_run_all"] is False
+    assert output["integration_test_files"] == []
     assert output["clang_tidy"] is True
     assert output["clang_tidy_mode"] in ["nosplit", "split"]
     assert output["clang_format"] is False
@@ -334,30 +340,33 @@ def test_main_with_branch_argument(
     assert output["cpp_unit_tests_components"] == ["mqtt"]
 
 
-def test_should_run_integration_tests(
+def test_determine_integration_tests(
     monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
 ) -> None:
-    """Test should_run_integration_tests function."""
-    # Core C++ files trigger tests
+    """Test determine_integration_tests function."""
+    # Core C++ files trigger run_all
     with patch.object(
         determine_jobs, "changed_files", return_value=["esphome/core/component.cpp"]
     ):
-        result = determine_jobs.should_run_integration_tests()
-        assert result is True
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests()
+        assert run_all is True
+        assert test_files == []
 
-    # Core Python files trigger tests
+    # Core Python files trigger run_all
     with patch.object(
         determine_jobs, "changed_files", return_value=["esphome/core/config.py"]
     ):
-        result = determine_jobs.should_run_integration_tests()
-        assert result is True
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests()
+        assert run_all is True
+        assert test_files == []
 
     # Python files directly in esphome/ do NOT trigger tests
     with patch.object(
         determine_jobs, "changed_files", return_value=["esphome/config.py"]
     ):
-        result = determine_jobs.should_run_integration_tests()
-        assert result is False
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests()
+        assert run_all is False
+        assert test_files == []
 
     # Python files in subdirectories (not core) do NOT trigger tests
     with patch.object(
@@ -365,35 +374,151 @@ def test_should_run_integration_tests(
         "changed_files",
         return_value=["esphome/dashboard/web_server.py"],
     ):
-        result = determine_jobs.should_run_integration_tests()
-        assert result is False
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests()
+        assert run_all is False
+        assert test_files == []
 
 
-def test_should_run_integration_tests_with_branch() -> None:
-    """Test should_run_integration_tests with branch argument."""
+def test_determine_integration_tests_with_branch() -> None:
+    """Test determine_integration_tests with branch argument."""
     with patch.object(determine_jobs, "changed_files") as mock_changed:
         mock_changed.return_value = []
-        determine_jobs.should_run_integration_tests("release")
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests("release")
         mock_changed.assert_called_once_with("release")
+        assert run_all is False
+        assert test_files == []
 
 
-def test_should_run_integration_tests_component_dependency() -> None:
-    """Test that integration tests run when components used in fixtures change."""
+def test_determine_integration_tests_component_dependency() -> None:
+    """Test that integration tests return specific test files when components used in fixtures change."""
     with (
         patch.object(
             determine_jobs,
             "changed_files",
             return_value=["esphome/components/api/api.cpp"],
         ),
+        patch.object(determine_jobs, "get_fixture_to_test_files") as mock_fixture_map,
         patch.object(
-            determine_jobs, "get_components_from_integration_fixtures"
-        ) as mock_fixtures,
+            determine_jobs, "get_integration_test_files_for_components"
+        ) as mock_test_files,
     ):
-        mock_fixtures.return_value = {"api", "sensor"}
-        with patch.object(determine_jobs, "get_all_dependencies") as mock_deps:
-            mock_deps.return_value = {"api", "sensor", "network"}
-            result = determine_jobs.should_run_integration_tests()
-            assert result is True
+        mock_fixture_map.return_value = {}
+        mock_test_files.return_value = [
+            "tests/integration/test_api.py",
+            "tests/integration/test_sensor.py",
+        ]
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests()
+        assert run_all is False
+        assert test_files == [
+            "tests/integration/test_api.py",
+            "tests/integration/test_sensor.py",
+        ]
+
+
+def test_determine_integration_tests_component_only_affected_tests() -> None:
+    """Test that only tests using the changed component are returned."""
+    with (
+        patch.object(
+            determine_jobs,
+            "changed_files",
+            return_value=["esphome/components/modbus/modbus.cpp"],
+        ),
+        patch.object(determine_jobs, "get_fixture_to_test_files", return_value={}),
+        patch.object(
+            determine_jobs, "get_integration_test_files_for_components"
+        ) as mock_test_files,
+    ):
+        mock_test_files.return_value = [
+            "tests/integration/test_uart_mock_modbus.py",
+        ]
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests()
+        assert run_all is False
+        assert test_files == ["tests/integration/test_uart_mock_modbus.py"]
+        # Verify it was called with the right component
+        mock_test_files.assert_called_once_with({"modbus"})
+
+
+def test_determine_integration_tests_infra_file_runs_all() -> None:
+    """Test that changing infrastructure files (conftest.py, etc.) runs all tests."""
+    with patch.object(
+        determine_jobs,
+        "changed_files",
+        return_value=["tests/integration/conftest.py"],
+    ):
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests()
+        assert run_all is True
+        assert test_files == []
+
+
+def test_determine_integration_tests_readme_does_not_run_all() -> None:
+    """Test that changing README.md does not trigger integration tests."""
+    with patch.object(
+        determine_jobs,
+        "changed_files",
+        return_value=["tests/integration/README.md"],
+    ):
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests()
+        assert run_all is False
+        assert test_files == []
+
+
+def test_determine_integration_tests_changed_test_file() -> None:
+    """Test that changing a specific test file only runs that test."""
+    with (
+        patch.object(
+            determine_jobs,
+            "changed_files",
+            return_value=["tests/integration/test_syslog.py"],
+        ),
+        patch.object(determine_jobs, "get_fixture_to_test_files", return_value={}),
+        patch.object(
+            determine_jobs,
+            "get_integration_test_files_for_components",
+            return_value=[],
+        ),
+    ):
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests()
+        assert run_all is False
+        assert test_files == ["tests/integration/test_syslog.py"]
+
+
+def test_determine_integration_tests_changed_fixture_yaml() -> None:
+    """Test that changing a fixture YAML runs the corresponding test file."""
+    with (
+        patch.object(
+            determine_jobs,
+            "changed_files",
+            return_value=["tests/integration/fixtures/uart_mock_modbus.yaml"],
+        ),
+        patch.object(determine_jobs, "get_fixture_to_test_files") as mock_fixture_map,
+        patch.object(
+            determine_jobs,
+            "get_integration_test_files_for_components",
+            return_value=[],
+        ),
+    ):
+        mock_fixture_map.return_value = {
+            "uart_mock_modbus": frozenset(
+                {"tests/integration/test_uart_mock_modbus.py"}
+            ),
+        }
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests()
+        assert run_all is False
+        assert test_files == ["tests/integration/test_uart_mock_modbus.py"]
+
+
+def test_determine_integration_tests_non_yaml_fixture_runs_all() -> None:
+    """Test that non-YAML changes under fixtures/ (e.g., external_components) run all tests."""
+    with patch.object(
+        determine_jobs,
+        "changed_files",
+        return_value=[
+            "tests/integration/fixtures/external_components/test_component/__init__.py"
+        ],
+    ):
+        run_all, test_files = determine_jobs.determine_integration_tests()
+        assert run_all is True
+        assert test_files == []
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
@@ -538,7 +663,7 @@ def test_count_changed_cpp_files_with_branch() -> None:
 
 
 def test_main_filters_components_without_tests(
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests: Mock,
+    mock_determine_integration_tests: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_format: Mock,
     mock_should_run_python_linters: Mock,
@@ -551,7 +676,7 @@ def test_main_filters_components_without_tests(
     # Ensure we're not in GITHUB_ACTIONS mode for this test
     monkeypatch.delenv("GITHUB_ACTIONS", raising=False)
 
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests.return_value = False
+    mock_determine_integration_tests.return_value = (False, [])
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy.return_value = False
     mock_should_run_clang_format.return_value = False
     mock_should_run_python_linters.return_value = False
@@ -631,7 +756,7 @@ def test_main_filters_components_without_tests(
 
 
 def test_main_detects_components_with_variant_tests(
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests: Mock,
+    mock_determine_integration_tests: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_format: Mock,
     mock_should_run_python_linters: Mock,
@@ -649,7 +774,7 @@ def test_main_detects_components_with_variant_tests(
     # Ensure we're not in GITHUB_ACTIONS mode for this test
     monkeypatch.delenv("GITHUB_ACTIONS", raising=False)
 
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests.return_value = False
+    mock_determine_integration_tests.return_value = (False, [])
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy.return_value = False
     mock_should_run_clang_format.return_value = False
     mock_should_run_python_linters.return_value = False
@@ -999,7 +1124,7 @@ def test_detect_memory_impact_config_with_variant_tests(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
 
 
 def test_clang_tidy_mode_full_scan(
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests: Mock,
+    mock_determine_integration_tests: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_format: Mock,
     mock_should_run_python_linters: Mock,
@@ -1010,7 +1135,7 @@ def test_clang_tidy_mode_full_scan(
     """Test that full scan (hash changed) always uses split mode."""
     monkeypatch.delenv("GITHUB_ACTIONS", raising=False)
 
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests.return_value = False
+    mock_determine_integration_tests.return_value = (False, [])
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy.return_value = True
     mock_should_run_clang_format.return_value = False
     mock_should_run_python_linters.return_value = False
@@ -1065,7 +1190,7 @@ def test_clang_tidy_mode_targeted_scan(
     component_count: int,
     files_per_component: int,
     expected_mode: str,
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests: Mock,
+    mock_determine_integration_tests: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_format: Mock,
     mock_should_run_python_linters: Mock,
@@ -1076,7 +1201,7 @@ def test_clang_tidy_mode_targeted_scan(
     """Test clang-tidy mode selection based on files_to_check count."""
     monkeypatch.delenv("GITHUB_ACTIONS", raising=False)
 
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests.return_value = False
+    mock_determine_integration_tests.return_value = (False, [])
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy.return_value = True
     mock_should_run_clang_format.return_value = False
     mock_should_run_python_linters.return_value = False
@@ -1123,7 +1248,7 @@ def test_clang_tidy_mode_targeted_scan(
 
 
 def test_main_core_files_changed_still_detects_components(
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests: Mock,
+    mock_determine_integration_tests: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_format: Mock,
     mock_should_run_python_linters: Mock,
@@ -1135,7 +1260,7 @@ def test_main_core_files_changed_still_detects_components(
     """Test that component changes are detected even when core files change."""
     monkeypatch.delenv("GITHUB_ACTIONS", raising=False)
 
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests.return_value = True
+    mock_determine_integration_tests.return_value = (True, [])
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy.return_value = True
     mock_should_run_clang_format.return_value = True
     mock_should_run_python_linters.return_value = True
@@ -1604,7 +1729,7 @@ def test_detect_platform_hint_from_filename_case_insensitive(
 
 def test_component_batching_beta_branch_40_per_batch(
     tmp_path: Path,
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests: Mock,
+    mock_determine_integration_tests: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy: Mock,
     mock_should_run_clang_format: Mock,
     mock_should_run_python_linters: Mock,
@@ -1628,7 +1753,7 @@ def test_component_batching_beta_branch_40_per_batch(
         (comp_dir / "test.esp32-idf.yaml").write_text(f"# Test for {comp}")
 
     # Setup mocks
-    mock_should_run_integration_tests.return_value = False
+    mock_determine_integration_tests.return_value = (False, [])
     mock_should_run_clang_tidy.return_value = False
     mock_should_run_clang_format.return_value = False
     mock_should_run_python_linters.return_value = False
diff --git a/tests/script/test_helpers.py b/tests/script/test_helpers.py
index 781054eb3b9..e3802d2d51f 100644
--- a/tests/script/test_helpers.py
+++ b/tests/script/test_helpers.py
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ def clear_helpers_cache() -> None:
     """Clear cached functions before each test."""
     helpers._get_github_event_data.cache_clear()
     helpers._get_changed_files_github_actions.cache_clear()
+    helpers.get_components_per_integration_fixture.cache_clear()
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
@@ -1111,7 +1112,7 @@ def test_get_components_from_integration_fixtures() -> None:
         "gpio",
     }
 
-    mock_yaml_file = Mock()
+    mock_yaml_file = Mock(stem="test_fixture")
 
     with (
         patch("pathlib.Path.glob") as mock_glob,
@@ -1133,7 +1134,7 @@ def test_get_components_from_integration_fixtures_skips_yaml_anchors() -> None:
         ".binary_filters": {"filters": [{"settle": "50ms"}]},
     }
 
-    mock_yaml_file = Mock()
+    mock_yaml_file = Mock(stem="test_fixture")
 
     with (
         patch("pathlib.Path.glob") as mock_glob,
@@ -1148,6 +1149,31 @@ def test_get_components_from_integration_fixtures_skips_yaml_anchors() -> None:
         assert components == {"sensor", "esphome", "template"}
 
 
+def test_get_integration_test_files_for_components_real_fixtures() -> None:
+    """Test that component changes map to the correct real integration test files.
+
+    This test uses real fixtures to verify the mapping stays correct
+    as new tests are added.
+    """
+    # modbus should include at least the modbus test
+    modbus_tests = helpers.get_integration_test_files_for_components({"modbus"})
+    assert "tests/integration/test_uart_mock_modbus.py" in modbus_tests
+
+    # ld2410 should include at least the ld2410 test
+    ld2410_tests = helpers.get_integration_test_files_for_components({"ld2410"})
+    assert "tests/integration/test_uart_mock_ld2410.py" in ld2410_tests
+
+    # syslog should include at least the syslog test
+    syslog_tests = helpers.get_integration_test_files_for_components({"syslog"})
+    assert "tests/integration/test_syslog.py" in syslog_tests
+
+    # A component not used by any fixture should return nothing
+    fake_tests = helpers.get_integration_test_files_for_components(
+        {"nonexistent_component_xyz"}
+    )
+    assert fake_tests == []
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "output,expected",
     [