#include #include class aPIDController { public: aPIDController(double kp, double ki, double kd, double dt) : Kp(kp), Ki(ki), Kd(kd), dt(dt), integral(0.0), prev_err(0.0) {} double update(double target, double measured_value) { double error = target - measured_value; integral += error * dt; double derivative = (error - prev_err) / dt; prev_err = error; return (Kp * error) + (Ki * integral) + (Kd * derivative); } private: double Kp, Ki, Kd, dt; double integral; double prev_err; }; int main() { // PID parameters double Kp = 1.0, Ki = 0.1, Kd = 0.01, dt = 0.1; aPIDController apid(Kp, Ki, Kd, dt); double target = 1.0, measured_value = 0.0; double control_signal = apid.update(target, measured_value); std::cout << "Output: " << control_signal << std::endl; return 0; }