PAT/source/html/b1021.html

个位数统计
<div class="ques-view"><p>给定一个 <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow>k</math></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="strut" style="height:0.69444em;"></span><span class="strut bottom" style="height:0.69444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="base textstyle uncramped"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span></span> 位整数 <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>d</mi><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mn>1</mn><msup><mn>0</mn><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>+</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>+</mo><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mn>1</mn><msup><mn>0</mn><mn>1</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow>N = d_{k-1}10^{k-1} + \cdots + d_1 10^1 + d_0</math></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="strut" style="height:0.849108em;"></span><span class="strut bottom" style="height:1.057439em;vertical-align:-0.208331em;"></span><span class="base textstyle uncramped"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">N</span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathit">d</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist"><span style="top:0.15em;margin-right:0.05em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span><span class="reset-textstyle scriptstyle cramped mtight"><span class="mord scriptstyle cramped mtight"><span class="mord mathit mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mbin mtight">−</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span class="baseline-fix"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span>​</span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathrm">1</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathrm">0</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist"><span style="top:-0.363em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span><span class="reset-textstyle scriptstyle uncramped mtight"><span class="mord scriptstyle uncramped mtight"><span class="mord mathit mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mbin mtight">−</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span class="baseline-fix"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span>​</span></span></span></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="minner">⋯</span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathit">d</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist"><span style="top:0.15em;margin-right:0.05em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span><span class="reset-textstyle scriptstyle cramped mtight"><span class="mord mathrm mtight">1</span></span></span><span class="baseline-fix"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span>​</span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathrm">1</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathrm">0</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist"><span style="top:-0.363em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span><span class="reset-textstyle scriptstyle uncramped mtight"><span class="mord mathrm mtight">1</span></span></span><span class="baseline-fix"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span>​</span></span></span></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathit">d</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist"><span style="top:0.15em;margin-right:0.05em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span><span class="reset-textstyle scriptstyle cramped mtight"><span class="mord mathrm mtight">0</span></span></span><span class="baseline-fix"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span>​</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> (<span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>≤</mo><msub><mi>d</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo>≤</mo><mn>9</mn></mrow>0\le d_i \le 9</math></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="strut" style="height:0.69444em;"></span><span class="strut bottom" style="height:0.84444em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="base textstyle uncramped"><span class="mord mathrm">0</span><span class="mrel">≤</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathit">d</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist"><span style="top:0.15em;margin-right:0.05em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span><span class="reset-textstyle scriptstyle cramped mtight"><span class="mord mathit mtight">i</span></span></span><span class="baseline-fix"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span>​</span></span></span></span><span class="mrel">≤</span><span class="mord mathrm">9</span></span></span></span>, <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo separator="true">,</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo separator="true">,</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow>i=0,\cdots ,k-1</math></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="strut" style="height:0.69444em;"></span><span class="strut bottom" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="base textstyle uncramped"><span class="mord mathit">i</span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mord mathrm">0</span><span class="mpunct">,</span><span class="minner">⋯</span><span class="mpunct">,</span><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mord mathrm">1</span></span></span></span>, <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><mrow><msub><mi>d</mi><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow>d_{k-1}&gt;0</math></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="strut" style="height:0.69444em;"></span><span class="strut bottom" style="height:0.902771em;vertical-align:-0.208331em;"></span><span class="base textstyle uncramped"><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathit">d</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist"><span style="top:0.15em;margin-right:0.05em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span><span class="reset-textstyle scriptstyle cramped mtight"><span class="mord scriptstyle cramped mtight"><span class="mord mathit mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mbin mtight">−</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span class="baseline-fix"><span class="fontsize-ensurer reset-size5 size5"><span style="font-size:0em;">​</span></span>​</span></span></span></span><span class="mrel">&gt;</span><span class="mord mathrm">0</span></span></span></span>)，请编写程序统计每种不同的个位数字出现的次数。例如：给定 <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mn>0</mn><mn>0</mn><mn>3</mn><mn>1</mn><mn>1</mn></mrow>N = 100311</math></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="strut" style="height:0.68333em;"></span><span class="strut bottom" style="height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="base textstyle uncramped"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">N</span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mord mathrm">1</span><span class="mord mathrm">0</span><span class="mord mathrm">0</span><span class="mord mathrm">3</span><span class="mord mathrm">1</span><span class="mord mathrm">1</span></span></span></span>，则有 2 个 0，3 个 1，和 1 个 3。</p>
<h3 id="-">输入格式：</h3>
<p>每个输入包含 1 个测试用例，即一个不超过 1000 位的正整数 <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow>N</math></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="strut" style="height:0.68333em;"></span><span class="strut bottom" style="height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="base textstyle uncramped"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">N</span></span></span></span>。</p>
<h3 id="-">输出格式：</h3>
<p>对 <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow>N</math></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="strut" style="height:0.68333em;"></span><span class="strut bottom" style="height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="base textstyle uncramped"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">N</span></span></span></span> 中每一种不同的个位数字，以 <code>D:M</code> 的格式在一行中输出该位数字 <code>D</code> 及其在 <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow>N</math></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="strut" style="height:0.68333em;"></span><span class="strut bottom" style="height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="base textstyle uncramped"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">N</span></span></span></span> 中出现的次数 <code>M</code>。要求按 <code>D</code> 的升序输出。</p>
<h3 id="-">输入样例：</h3>
<pre><code class="lang-in">100311
</code></pre>
<h3 id="-">输出样例：</h3>
<pre><code class="lang-out">0:2
1:3
3:1
</code></pre>
</div>